Neodymium Fluorescence Quenching by Hydroxyl Groups in Phosphate Laser Glasses

Abstract Non-radiative losses due to OH fluorescence quenching of the Nd 3+ 4 F 3/2 state are quantified over a range of OH concentrations from 4 × 10 18 to 4 × 10 20  cm −3 and Nd doping levels from 0.4 to 9 × 10 20  cm −3 in two K 2 O–MgO–Al 2 O 3 –P 2 O 5 metaphosphate glasses having different K/Mg ratios (∼1/1 and 2/1). The quenching rate varies linearly with the Nd and OH concentrations as predicted by Forster–Dexter theory. However, in contrast to theory, the OH quenching rate extrapolates to a non-zero value at low Nd 3+ doping levels. It is proposed that at low Nd 3+ concentrations the OH is correlated with Nd sites in the glass. The quenching strength of OH on a per ion basis is weak compared to common transition metal impurities (V, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu and Cr). Nevertheless, OH dominates the Nd quenching in phosphate glass because under most processing conditions OH is present at concentrations 10 2 –10 3 greater than transition metal ion impurities.

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