Electronic Elections in a Politicized Polity

Since the 2000 presidential elections, the evolution of electronic technologies in American elections–from voting machines to computerized voter registries–has occurred within the context of a highly partisan, polarized, and politicized environment. The decision about the type of voting systems to use within a given state has become especially political and these debates have affected the confidence and attitudes of voters toward various voting technologies. In the Netherlands, the debate even led to abolishing the use of all electronic technologies in elections. In this paper, we consider the evolution of voter confidence over this period and the evolution of the political debate that relates to electronic voting. We note that confidence in voting systems is affected by several factors, including race, partisanship, voting for a winning candidate, and the mode of voting (i.e., voting in person or voting via absentee ballot). During this time, certain factors, such as partisanship, have changed in importance based on previous election outcomes. On the issue of the importance of partisanship on confidence, we compare the United States and the Netherlands and the evaluation of electronic