Optimum deposition for sub-aerial tailings disposal: modeling and model validation

Large volumes of tailings produced as a result of mineral and energy production are disposed of on the Earth's surface. How to minimize the environmental impact and reduce the storage volume of these tailings has become a major concern of mining operations. In addition, the pressure on the optimal use of water resources, especially in arid regions, is a critical issue. Maximizing the recycling of process waters is thus an important consideration in these regions. The sub-aerial deposition technique is a promising method of achieving maximum water recycle. This technique has existed for many years but its use still involves many technical challenges. Among these, an important concern is the selection of the optimum depositional parameters for achieving the best desiccation results. A rational method for evaluating the parameter for design for optimal sub-aerial tailings disposal is proposed. In this paper, first the design criterion and schemes for optimum sub-aerial tailings deposition are presented. The optimal sub-aerial tailings deposition design model that results in improved water recycle is established. The implementation of the model is described. Finally, the validation of the model is presented based on studies available in the literature.