Reaction and flow variants/invariants in chemical reaction systems with inlet and outlet streams

The concept of reaction invariants is extended to include flow invariants of chemical-reaction systems with inlet and outlet streams. A transformation to normal form is introduced that allows the separation of (1) the evolution of the independent reactions, (2) the influence of inlet streams, and (3) the behavior of the reaction and flow invariants. In the light of this transformation to normal form, model reduction, state accessibility, state reconstruction, and feedback linearizability are analyzed.