Comprehensive Investigation of Diffuser/Nozzle Element at Low Reynolds Number Aimed at Valveless Pump Design

The performance of diffuser/nozzle element in valveless pumps depends upon a number of geometrical and operational parameters. In this study, the characteristics of low Reynolds number (Re < 100) flow through conical and planar diffuser/nozzle elements with varying half-angle and area ratio (AR) were investigated with simulations and experiments. The optimal half-angle, at which maximum diffuser efficiency occurs, was found to decrease with Reynolds number for both conical and planar elements. Therefore, the results provide a selection criterion for a diffuser/nozzle pair in a valveless micropump design, where no such criterion is available so far.

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