Modeling the integration of motion signals across space.

Experiments by Loffler and Orbach on the integration of motion signals across space [J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 20, 1461 (2003)] revealed that both three-dimensional analysis and object interpretation play a much smaller role than previously assumed. These results motivated the quantitative description of a low-level, bottom-up model presented here. Motion is computed in parallel at different spatial sites, and excitatory interactions operate between sites. The strength of these interactions is determined mainly by distance. Simulations correctly predict behavior for a variety of manipulations on multi-aperture stimuli: aligned and skewed lines, different presentation times, different inter-aperture gaps, and different spatial frequencies. However, strictly distance-dependent mechanisms are too simplistic to account for all experimental data. Mismatches for grossly misoriented lines suggest collinear facilitation as a promising extension. Once incorporated, collinear facilitation not only correctly predicts results for misoriented patterns but also accounts for the lack of motion integration between heterogeneous stimuli such as lines and dots.