Multihop Cooperative Networks

The fading characteristics and broadcast nature of wireless channels are usually not fully considered in the design of routing protocols for wireless networks. In this paper, we combine routing and cooperative diversity, with the consideration of a realistic channel model. We focus on a multihop network with multiple relays at each hop, and three routing strategies are designed to achieve the full diversity gain provided by cooperation among the relays. In particular, an optimal routing strategy is proposed to minimize the end-to-end outage, which requires the channel information of all the links and serves as a performance bound. An ad-hoc routing strategy is then proposed based on a hop-by-hop relay selection, which can be easily implemented in a distributed way. As expected, ad-hoc routing performs worse than optimal routing, especially with a large number of hops. To achieve a good complexity-performance tradeoff, an N-hop routing strategy is further proposed, where a joint optimization is performed every N hops. Simulation results are provided which verify the outage analyses of the proposed routing strategies.

[1]  Mark D. Yarvis,et al.  Real-world experiences with an interactive ad hoc sensor network , 2002, Proceedings. International Conference on Parallel Processing Workshop.

[2]  U. Mitra,et al.  Cooperative communication and routing over fading channels in wireless sensor networks , 2005, 2005 International Conference on Wireless Networks, Communications and Mobile Computing.

[3]  Charles E. Perkins,et al.  Highly Dynamic Destination-Sequenced Distance-Vector Routing (DSDV) for mobile computers , 1994, SIGCOMM.

[4]  David B. Johnson,et al.  The Dynamic Source Routing Protocol for Mobile Ad Hoc Networks , 2003 .

[5]  Aggelos Bletsas,et al.  A simple Cooperative diversity method based on network path selection , 2005, IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications.

[6]  Eytan Modiano,et al.  Reliability and route diversity in wireless networks , 2008, IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications.

[7]  Andrea J. Goldsmith,et al.  Design challenges for energy-constrained ad hoc wireless networks , 2002, IEEE Wirel. Commun..

[8]  David A. Maltz,et al.  A performance comparison of multi-hop wireless ad hoc network routing protocols , 1998, MobiCom '98.

[9]  Elizabeth M. Belding-Royer,et al.  A review of current routing protocols for ad hoc mobile wireless networks , 1999, IEEE Wirel. Commun..

[10]  Umberto Spagnolini,et al.  Energy Aware Power Allocation strategies for Multihop-Cooperative transmission schemes , 2006, 2006 40th Annual Conference on Information Sciences and Systems.

[11]  Ivan Stojmenovic,et al.  Design guidelines for routing protocols in ad hoc and sensor networks with a realistic physical layer , 2005, IEEE Communications Magazine.

[12]  Robert Tappan Morris,et al.  a high-throughput path metric for multi-hop wireless routing , 2003, MobiCom '03.

[13]  Gerhard Fettweis,et al.  Relay-based deployment concepts for wireless and mobile broadband radio , 2004, IEEE Communications Magazine.

[14]  Eytan Modiano,et al.  Cooperative Routing in Static Wireless Networks , 2007, IEEE Transactions on Communications.

[15]  Robert Morris,et al.  Link-level measurements from an 802.11b mesh network , 2004, SIGCOMM 2004.

[16]  Martin Haenggi,et al.  Bandwidth- and power-efficient routing in linear wireless networks , 2006, IEEE Transactions on Information Theory.

[17]  Halim Yanikomeroglu,et al.  Multihop diversity in wireless relaying channels , 2004, IEEE Transactions on Communications.

[18]  Larry J. Greenstein,et al.  Data throughputs using multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) techniques in a noise-limited cellular environment , 2002, IEEE Trans. Wirel. Commun..

[19]  Ivan Stojmenovic,et al.  Position-based routing in ad hoc networks , 2002, IEEE Commun. Mag..

[20]  L.J. Cimini,et al.  New approaches for cooperative use of multiple antennas in ad hoc wireless networks , 2004, IEEE 60th Vehicular Technology Conference, 2004. VTC2004-Fall. 2004.

[21]  Gregory W. Wornell,et al.  Cooperative diversity in wireless networks: Efficient protocols and outage behavior , 2004, IEEE Transactions on Information Theory.

[22]  David A. Maltz,et al.  Lessons from a full-scale multihop wireless ad hoc network testbed , 2001, IEEE Wirel. Commun..

[23]  Martin Haenggi,et al.  Distributed Spectrum-Efficient Routing Algorithms in Wireless Networks , 2007, 2007 41st Annual Conference on Information Sciences and Systems.

[24]  Gregory W. Wornell,et al.  Distributed space-time-coded protocols for exploiting cooperative diversity in wireless networks , 2003, IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory.

[25]  Michalis Faloutsos,et al.  A Cross-Layer Framework for Exploiting Virtual MISO Links in Mobile Ad Hoc Networks , 2007, IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing.

[26]  Ozgur Oyman,et al.  Non-Ergodic Power-Bandwidth Tradeoff in Linear Multi-hop Networks , 2006, 2006 IEEE International Symposium on Information Theory.

[27]  Charles E. Perkins,et al.  Ad hoc On-Demand Distance Vector (AODV) Routing , 2001, RFC.

[28]  Andreas Willig,et al.  Measurements of a wireless link in an industrial environment using an IEEE 802.11-compliant physical layer , 2002, IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron..

[29]  Ram Ramanathan,et al.  Challenges: a radically new architecture for next generation mobile ad hoc networks , 2005, MobiCom '05.

[30]  Marco Conti,et al.  Mesh networks: commodity multihop ad hoc networks , 2005, IEEE Communications Magazine.