In Vivo Evaluation of Bioactive Nano Bioceramics for Bone Regeneration and Repair

Background: Bioactive bioceramics have been regarded by researchers in recent years. Bioglass and Hydroxyapatite (HA) are the examples of these bioactive bioceramics. Production and characterization of nano bioglass and HA for bone repair applications were the purpose of this study. Methods: Nano bioglass and HA were produced and the particles shape and size were characterized by X-ray flurescence (XRF). The bioactivity of the particles of HA and nano bioglass and combination of the two were tested, by introducing them into the cavities formed in rabbit's Tibia. The incorporation and bone induction of these 3 different paricles in bone were evaluated by radiography and also histopathology of the resected specimens. Results: The characterized tests confirmed that nano bioglass and natural HA were produced with desired composition. The radiographic and histopathologic evaluation illustrated good bioactivity of nano-size bioglass, HA and HA-bioglass composite, leading to restoration of bone defects after 4 to 6 weeks. It was also observed that bioactivity of HA-bioglass composite was superior to bioglass and HA used singularly. Conclusions: The osteoconductivty of HA and osteoinductivity of bioglass combined as a composite lead to excellent bioactivity and good response in the hard bony tissue.

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