In Vivo Genome‐Wide Expression Study on Human Circulating B Cells Suggests a Novel ESR1 and MAPK3 Network for Postmenopausal Osteoporosis

Introduction: Osteoporosis is characterized by low BMD. Studies have shown that B cells may participate in osteoclastogenesis through expression of osteoclast‐related factors, such as RANKL, transforming growth factor β (TGFB), and osteoprotegerin (OPG). However, the in vivo significance of B cells in human bone metabolism and osteoporosis is still largely unknown, particularly at the systematic gene expression level.

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