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This paper analyzed the cause of lightning fault on overhead transmission line. It is presumed that fault occured in compliance with lightning. 70~80% of transmission line fault causes is lightning from statistical data. Flashover type is divided into the lightnining shielding failure and backflashover of transmission tower by the lightning stroke on the overhead transmission line. According to flashover type, fault prevention countermeasure is made differently. In order to calculate electric potential rise and investigate flashover type, EMTP (electromanetic transient programs) was used.