Nature of carbohydrates associated with water-stable aggregates of two cultivated soils

Abstract The distribution and composition of carbohydrates were investigated in slaking-resistant aggregates and in particle size fractions of two silty soils from the Paris Basin, France. Three hydrolysis procedures, involving hot water, dilute acid and concentrated acid were used and hydrolysates were analysed on a HPLC system to further assess the origin of the carbohydrates. Results showed the predominantly plant origin of the particulate organic matter (>50 μm) and the microbial origin of the clay+silt fraction ( 50 μm, was enriched in carbohydrates produced by microorganisms. This is consistent with the hypothesis that aggregate stability is mediated partly by the extracellular polysaccharides of microorganisms developing on plant debris occluded within the aggregates.

[1]  R. S. Swift,et al.  Stability of soil aggregates in relation to organic constituents and soil water content , 1990 .

[2]  J. Morel,et al.  Nature des matières organiques associées aux fractions argileuses d'un sol ferrallitique , 1991 .

[3]  P. Puget,et al.  Une méthode de fractionnement des matières organiques particulaires des sols en fonction de leur localisation dans les agrégats , 1996 .

[4]  D. Coleman,et al.  Influences of mycelial fungi on soil aggregation and organic matter storage in conventional and no-tillage soils , 1997 .

[5]  D. Angers,et al.  Determination of carbohydrate composition of soil hydrolysates by high-performance liquid chromatography* , 1988 .

[6]  P. Puget,et al.  Total and young organic matter distributions in aggregates of silty cultivated soils , 1995 .

[7]  Miguel L. Cabrera,et al.  Aggregate‐Protected and Unprotected Organic Matter Pools in Conventional‐ and No‐Tillage Soils , 1994 .

[8]  D. Angers,et al.  Recently deposited organic matter in soil water-stable aggregates , 1996 .

[9]  E. T. Elliott,et al.  Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics of Soil Organic Matter Fractions from Cultivated Grassland Soils , 1994 .

[10]  J. F. Dormaar.  MONOSACCHARIDES IN HYDROLYSATES OF WATER-STABLE AGGREGATES AFTER 67 YEARS OF CROPPING TO SPRING WHEAT AS DETERMINED BY CAPILLARY GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY , 1984 .

[11]  B. Degens,et al.  Changes in aggregation do not correspond with changes in labile organic C fractions in soil amended with 14C-glucose , 1996 .

[12]  M. Firestone,et al.  Nutritional Management of Microbial Polysaccharide Production and Aggregation in an Agricultural Soil , 1995 .

[13]  D. Coleman,et al.  Soil carbohydrates in aggrading and degrading agroecosystems: influences of fungi and aggregates , 1995 .

[14]  B. Degens,et al.  The contribution from hyphae, roots and organic carbon constituents to the aggregation of a sandy loam under long-term clover-based and grass pastures , 1994 .

[15]  G. S. Francis,et al.  Changes in microbial biomass C, soil carbohydrate composition and aggregate stability induced by growth of selected crop and forage species under field conditions , 1993 .

[16]  C. Feller,et al.  Effets des ultrasons sur la distribution granulométrique des matières organiques des sols , 1991 .

[17]  J. Tisdall,et al.  Organic matter and water‐stable aggregates in soils , 1982 .

[18]  T. Anderson,et al.  Changes in composition of soil polysaccharides and aggregate stability after carbon amendments to different textured soils , 1994 .

[19]  D. Angers,et al.  Tillage-induced differences in organic matter of particle-size fractions and microbial biomass , 1993 .

[20]  E. T. Elliott.  Aggregate structure and carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus in native and cultivated soils , 1986 .

[21]  J. Oades.  Soil organic matter and structural stability: mechanisms and implications for management , 1984 .

[22]  M. Cheshire.  Nature and Origin of Carbohydrates in Soils. , 1979 .

[23]  B. Christensen,et al.  Land‐use effects on the composition of organic matter in particle‐size separates of soil: I. Lignin and carbohydrate signature , 1994 .

[24]  B. Kay,et al.  Influence of cropping history and chemical treatments on the water-stable aggregation of a silt loam soil , 1987 .

[25]  D. Angers,et al.  EFFECTS OF CROPPING ON CARBOHYDRATE CONTENT AND WATER-STABLE AGGREGATION OF A CLAY SOIL , 1989 .

[26]  C. Feller,et al.  La matiére organique soluble à l'eau chaude et la stabilityé de l'agrégation. Aspects méthodologiques et application à des sols ferrallitiques du Congo , 1997 .

[27]  R. J. Haynes,et al.  Influence of mixed cropping rotations (pasture-arable) on organic matter content, water stable aggregation and clod porosity in a group of soils , 1991 .

[28]  B. D. Kay,et al.  INFLUENCE OF CROPPING TREATMENTS ON THE MONOSACCHARIDE CONTENT OF THE HYDROLYSATES OF A SOIL AND ITS AGGREGATE FRACTIONS , 1987 .

[29]  E. T. Elliott,et al.  Carbon and Nitrogen Distribution in Aggregates from Cultivated and Native Grassland Soils , 1993 .

[30]  C. Chenu,et al.  The role of roots, fungi and bacteria on clay particle organization. An experimental approach , 1993 .