Oceanography

We humans depend on the ocean, the performance of its ecosystems, and its biological diversity. When Jacques Piccard started his first deep-sea expedition in 1960, the world’s oceans still seemed healthy and clean. Human impact on the oceans due to industrialization was not yet obvious, and no one realized that it would increase continuously and eventually reach a critical mass. To bring it to a point: The oceans are too acidic, the sea levels too high; they are too warm, too empty and too dirty. Oceans may be vast, but the fishing industry, oil and natural gas production, raw material extraction, shipping, tourism and the military have all put a strain on them. We all take from the ocean but give nothing in return. On the water, we continue to behave as hunters and gatherers, only this time using twenty-first century technology. Oceanography The submarine “Trieste” Wyn Tiedmers

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