Ultra-Low voltage Tunable transconductor Based on Bulk-Driven quasi-Floating-gate Technique

This paper presents ultra-low voltage transconductor using a new bulk-driven quasi-°oating- gate technique (BD-QFG). This technique leads to signicant increase in the transconductance and the bandwidth values of the MOS transistor (MOST) under ultra-low voltage condition. The proposed CMOS structure of the transconductor is capable to work with ultra-low supply voltage of � 300mV and low power consumption of 18 � W. The transconductance value of the transconductor is tunable by external resistor with wide linear range. To prove the validation of the new described technique a second-order Gm-C multifunctionlter is presented as one of the possible applications. The simulation results using 0.18 � m CMOS N-Well process from TSMC show the attractive features of the proposed circuit.

[1]  J. Silva-Martinez,et al.  OTA linearity enhancement technique for high frequency applications with IM3 below -65dB , 2003, Proceedings of the IEEE 2003 Custom Integrated Circuits Conference, 2003..

[2]  K. Dejhan,et al.  Voltage-Mode Multifunction Biquadratic Filters Using New Ultra-Low-Power Differential Difference Current Conveyors , 2013 .

[3]  Ramón González Carvajal,et al.  Using Floating Gate and Quasi-Floating Gate Techniques for Rail-to-Rail Tunable CMOS Transconductor Design , 2011, IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Regular Papers.

[4]  Eby G. Friedman,et al.  A bulk-driven CMOS OTA with 68 dB DC gain , 2004, Proceedings of the 2004 11th IEEE International Conference on Electronics, Circuits and Systems, 2004. ICECS 2004..

[5]  George Raikos,et al.  Bulk-driven differential voltage follower , 2009 .

[6]  P. R. Mukund,et al.  Designing bulk-driven MOSFETs for ultra-low-voltage analogue applications , 2010 .

[7]  Slawomir Koziel,et al.  Design of highly linear tunable CMOS OTA for continuous-time filters , 2002 .

[8]  Antonio J. Lopez-Martin,et al.  CMOS triode transconductor based on quasi-floating-gate transistors , 2010 .

[9]  Kenneth R. Laker,et al.  Design of analog integrated circuits and systems , 1994 .

[10]  Fabian Khateb,et al.  Novel Ultra-Low-Power Class AB CCII+ Based on Floating-Gate Folded Cascode OTA , 2012, Circuits Syst. Signal Process..

[11]  G. Torelli,et al.  1-V rail-to-rail bulk-driven CMOS OTA with enhanced gain and gain-bandwidth product , 2005, Proceedings of the 2005 European Conference on Circuit Theory and Design, 2005..

[12]  W. Sansen Analog design challenges in nanometer CMOS technologies , 2007, 2007 IEEE Asian Solid-State Circuits Conference.

[13]  T. Hui Teo,et al.  A Low-Power Low-Voltage Amplifier for Heart Rate Sensor , 2006, APCCAS 2006 - 2006 IEEE Asia Pacific Conference on Circuits and Systems.

[14]  Fabian Khateb,et al.  Low-Voltage Ultra-Low-Power Current Conveyor Based on Quasi-Floating Gate Transistors , 2012 .

[15]  Fabian Khateb,et al.  Low-voltage bulk-driven rectifier for biomedical applications , 2013, Microelectron. J..

[16]  R. G. Carvajal,et al.  Low Voltage Class AB Output Stage for CMOS Op-Amps Using Multiple Input Floating Gate Transistors , 2003 .

[17]  Gabriel A. Rincon-Mora,et al.  Designing 1-V op amps using standard digital CMOS technology , 1998 .

[18]  Fabian Khateb,et al.  High-Precision Differential-Input Buffered and External Transconductance Amplifier for Low-Voltage Low-Power Applications , 2013, Circuits Syst. Signal Process..

[19]  Lihong Zhang,et al.  A highly linear bulk-driven CMOS OTA for continuous-time filters , 2008 .

[20]  M. R. Baiju,et al.  Floating gate MOSFET based Operational Transconductance Amplifier and study of mismatch , 2009, 2009 4th IEEE Conference on Industrial Electronics and Applications.

[21]  Izzet Kale,et al.  Bulk-driven flipped voltage follower , 2009, 2009 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems.

[22]  P. Hasler,et al.  Programmable floating-gate second-order sections for Gm-C filter applications , 2005, 48th Midwest Symposium on Circuits and Systems, 2005..

[23]  Seyed Javad Azhari,et al.  An ultra low power, low voltage tailless QFG based differential amplifier with High CMRR, rail to rail operation and enhanced slew rate , 2011 .

[24]  Ebrahim Farshidi,et al.  A FG-MOS Based Fully Differential Current Controlled Conveyor and Its Applications , 2013, Circuits Syst. Signal Process..

[25]  Esther. Rodriguez-Villegas,et al.  Low power and low voltage circuit design with the FGMOS transistor , 2006 .

[26]  J. Francisco Duque-Carrillo,et al.  Transconductance enhancement in bulk-driven input stages and its applications , 2011 .

[27]  Antonio J. López-Martín,et al.  A Compact Four-Quadrant Floating-Gate MOS Multiplier , 2004 .

[28]  Ramón González Carvajal,et al.  CMOS Transconductors With Continuous Tuning Using FGMOS Balanced Output Current Scaling , 2008, IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits.

[29]  Rockey Gupta,et al.  Quasi-floating gate MOSFET based low voltage current mirror , 2012, Microelectron. J..

[30]  Ramón González Carvajal,et al.  Design of micropower class AB transconductors: A systematic approach , 2013, Microelectron. J..

[31]  Jaroslav Koton,et al.  Novel low-voltage ultra-low-power DVCC based on floating-gate folded cascode OTA , 2011, Microelectron. J..

[32]  Jaime Ramirez-Angulo,et al.  Micropower class AB CMOS current conveyor based on quasi-floating gate techniques , 2009, 2009 52nd IEEE International Midwest Symposium on Circuits and Systems.

[33]  Dalibor Biolek,et al.  Bulk-Driven Current Differencing Transconductance Amplifier , 2011, Circuits Syst. Signal Process..

[34]  Paul E. Hasler,et al.  Programmable $G_{m}$– $C$ Filters Using Floating-Gate Operational Transconductance Amplifiers , 2007, IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Regular Papers.

[35]  Yu-Sheng Lai,et al.  A novel OTA with dual bulk-driven input stage , 2009, 2009 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems.

[36]  Wei-Bin Yang,et al.  Designing an Ultralow-Voltage Phase-Locked Loop Using a Bulk-Driven Technique , 2009, IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs.

[37]  Zhang Bao-jun A low voltage bulk-driving PMOS cascode current mirror , 2007 .

[38]  Rockey Gupta,et al.  A low voltage current mirror based on quasi-floating gate MOSFETs , 2010, 2010 IEEE Asia Pacific Conference on Circuits and Systems.

[39]  J. Kostamovaara,et al.  A 1.2 V micropower CMOS op amp with floating-gate input transistors , 2000, Proceedings of the 43rd IEEE Midwest Symposium on Circuits and Systems (Cat.No.CH37144).

[40]  Fabian Khateb,et al.  Novel low-voltage low-power high-precision CCII± based on bulk-driven folded cascode OTA , 2011, Microelectron. J..

[41]  Fabian Khateb,et al.  A Survey of Non-conventional Techniques for Low-voltage Low-power Analog Circuit Design , 2013 .

[42]  George Raikos,et al.  0.8 V bulk-driven operational amplifier , 2010 .

[43]  Torsten Lehmann,et al.  1 V OTA Using Current Driven Bulk Circuits , 2002, J. Circuits Syst. Comput..

[44]  L.H. de Carvalho Ferreira,et al.  An ultra low-voltage ultra low power rail-to-rail CMOS OTA Miller , 2004, The 2004 IEEE Asia-Pacific Conference on Circuits and Systems, 2004. Proceedings..

[45]  Jaime Ramirez-Angulo,et al.  Class AB CMOS tunable transconductor , 2010, 2010 53rd IEEE International Midwest Symposium on Circuits and Systems.

[46]  José Silva-Martínez,et al.  OTA linearity enhancement technique for high frequency applications with IM3 below -65 dB , 2004, IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs.

[47]  Costas Psychalinos,et al.  0.5 V bulk-driven analog building blocks , 2012 .

[48]  P. E. Allen,et al.  Body-driving as a low-voltage analog design technique for CMOS technology , 2000, 2000 Southwest Symposium on Mixed-Signal Design (Cat. No.00EX390).