Interturn Short-Circuit Faults in Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machines: An Extended Review and Comprehensive Analysis

This paper presents an extended review and recent advances in modeling and diagnosis of interturn short circuit (ITSC) faults in permanent magnet synchronous machines, supported with in-depth fault analysis. In the analysis part, the influence of the fault intensity on the machine’s parameters and performance is analyzed at various operating conditions through finite-element analysis, drive system models, and test bench measurements. The presented findings shed light on the fault signatures and factors that are affecting signature dynamics such as the fault intensity, operating conditions, resistance of the short-circuiting path, and controller action. Following the characterization of the ITSC fault, a detailed literature review on fault signature types and state-of-the art diagnosis methods are presented. The corresponding trends, shortcomings of current solutions, and potential research topics are discussed exhaustively.