Multi-objective optimization for actuator and sensor layouts of actively controlled 3D buildings

This paper investigates the multi-objective optimization of active control systems for vibration control of three-dimensional (3D) high-rise buildings under a variety of earthquake excitations. To this end, a novel multi-objective genetic algorithm is developed through the integration of the best features of a non-dominated sorting II (NS2) genetic algorithm (GA) and an implicit redundant representation (IRR) GA. The proposed NS2-IRR GA finds not only minimum distributions of both actuators and sensors within structures, but also minimum dynamic responses of 3D structures. Linear quadratic Gaussian controllers, hydraulic actuators and accelerometers are used for implementation of active control systems within the 3D buildings. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed NS2-IRR GA, two 3D building models are investigated using finite element methods, including low- and high-rise buildings. It is shown that the proposed NS2-IRR GA is effective in finding not only optimal locations and numbers of both actuators and sensors in 3D buildings, but also minimum responses of the 3D buildings. The simulation also shows that the control performances of the proposed approach significantly enhance those of the engineering judgment oriented benchmark layout, which is validated by comparisons of each performance using the same number of actuators.

[1]  Franklin Y. Cheng,et al.  Optimal placement of dampers and actuators based on stochastic approach , 2002 .

[2]  Ebrahim Esmailzadeh,et al.  Optimal placement of active bars in smart structures , 2005, ICMA 2005.

[3]  Carlos A. Mota Soares,et al.  Optimal design in vibration control of adaptive structures using a simulated annealing algorithm , 2006 .

[4]  Xiaojian Liu,et al.  OPTIMAL TOPOLOGy/AcTUATOR PLACEMENT DESIGN OF STRUCTURES USING SA , 1997 .

[5]  Michael L Delorenzo,et al.  Sensor and actuator selection for large space structure control , 1990 .

[6]  K. Lim.  Method for Optimal Actuator and Sensor Placement for Large Flexible Structures , 1992 .

[7]  J. Ghaboussi,et al.  Evolving structural design solutions using an implicit redundant Genetic Algorithm , 2000 .

[8]  Takuji Kobori,et al.  Seismic‐response‐controlled structure with active mass driver system. Part 1: Design , 1991 .

[9]  Peter J. Fleming,et al.  An Overview of Evolutionary Algorithms in Multiobjective Optimization , 1995, Evolutionary Computation.

[10]  Jamshid Ghaboussi,et al.  An evolutionary based methodology for representing and evolving structural design solutions , 1999 .

[11]  Shirley J. Dyke,et al.  Next Generation Bench-mark Control Problems for Seismically Excited Buildings , 1999 .

[12]  Genda Chen,et al.  Semiactive Control of the 20-Story Benchmark Building with Piezoelectric Friction Dampers , 2004 .

[13]  T. T. Soong,et al.  Optimal placement of energy dissipation devices for three-dimensional structures , 1997 .

[14]  Genda Chen,et al.  Nonlinear control of a 20-story steel building with active piezoelectric friction dampers , 2002 .

[15]  David E. Goldberg,et al.  Genetic Algorithms with Sharing for Multimodalfunction Optimization , 1987, ICGA.

[16]  Henry T. Y. Yang,et al.  Actuator and Sensor Placement for Multiobjective Control of Structures , 1999 .

[17]  Ersin Aydin,et al.  Optimal damper distribution for seismic rehabilitation of planar building structures , 2007 .

[18]  Kalyanmoy Deb,et al.  Muiltiobjective Optimization Using Nondominated Sorting in Genetic Algorithms , 1994, Evolutionary Computation.

[19]  Fereidoun Amini,et al.  Optimal structural active control force, number and placement of controllers , 2005 .

[20]  T. T. Soong,et al.  An overview of active and hybrid structural control research in the U.S. , 1993 .

[21]  Yeesock Kim,et al.  Multi-objective genetic algorithms for cost-effective distributions of actuators and sensors in large structures , 2012, Expert Syst. Appl..

[22]  Reza Langari,et al.  Novel bio-inspired smart control for hazard mitigation of civil structures , 2010 .

[23]  Shirley J. Dyke,et al.  Benchmark Control Problems for Seismically Excited Nonlinear Buildings , 2004 .

[24]  Junjiro Onoda,et al.  Actuator Placement Optimization by Genetic and Improved Simulated Annealing Algorithms , 1993 .

[25]  Reza Langari,et al.  Model‐Based Multi‐input, Multi‐output Supervisory Semi‐active Nonlinear Fuzzy Controller , 2010, Comput. Aided Civ. Infrastructure Eng..

[26]  Reza Langari,et al.  Semiactive nonlinear control of a building with a magnetorheological damper system , 2009 .

[27]  David E. Goldberg,et al.  Genetic Algorithms in Search Optimization and Machine Learning , 1988 .

[28]  B. F. Spencer,et al.  Active Structural Control: Theory and Practice , 1992 .

[29]  A. Rama Mohan Rao,et al.  Optimal placement of actuators for active vibration control of seismic excited tall buildings using a multiple start guided neighbourhood search (MSGNS) algorithm , 2008 .

[30]  Reza Langari,et al.  Sensor fault isolation and detection of smart structures , 2010 .

[31]  B. F. Spencer,et al.  STATE OF THE ART OF STRUCTURAL CONTROL , 2003 .

[32]  J. N. Yang,et al.  Optimal Placement of Passive Dampers on Seismic and Wind-Excited Buildings using Combinatorial Optimization , 1999 .

[33]  A. Arbel.  Controllability measures and actuator placement in oscillatory systems , 1981 .

[34]  Hojjat Adeli,et al.  Hybrid control of irregular steel highrise building structures under seismic excitations , 2005 .

[35]  Yl L. Xu,et al.  Optimum design of active/passive control devices for tall buildings under earthquake excitation , 2002 .

[36]  Gun-Shing Chen,et al.  OPTIMAL PLACEMENT OF ACTIVE/PASSIVE MEMBERS IN TRUSS STRUCTURES USING SIMULATED ANNEALING , 1991 .

[37]  James T. P. Yao,et al.  CONCEPT OF STRUCTURAL CONTROL , 1972 .

[38]  Reza Langari,et al.  Control of a Seismically Excited Benchmark Building Using Linear Matrix Inequality-Based Semiactive Nonlinear Fuzzy Control , 2010 .

[39]  Hojjat Adeli,et al.  Control, Optimization, and Smart Structures: High-Performance Bridges and Buildings of the Future , 1999 .