Detection of Scab-Damaged Hard Red Spring Wheat Kernels by Near-Infrared Reflectance

ABSTRACT Scab (Fusarium head blight) is a fungal disease that has become increasingly prevalent in North American wheat during the past 15 years. It is of concern to growers, processors, and the consumers because of depressed yields, poor flour quality, and the potential for elevated concentrations of the mycotoxin, deoxynivalenol (DON). Both wheat breeder and wheat inspector must currently deal with the assessment of scab in harvested wheat by manual human inspection. The study described herein examined the accuracy of a semi-automated wheat scab inspection system that is based on near-infrared (NIR) reflectance (1,000–1,700 nm) of individual kernels. Using statistical classification techniques such as linear discriminant analysis and nonparametric (k-nearest-neighbor) classification, upper limits of accuracy for NIR-based classification schemes of ≈88% (cross-validation) and 97% (test) were determined. An exhaustive search of the most suitable wavelength pairs for the spectral difference, [log(1/R)λ1 - ...

[1]  J. Devries,et al.  Rapid determination of deoxynivalenol (vomitoxin) by liquid chromatography using modified Romer column cleanup. , 1984, Journal - Association of Official Analytical Chemists.

[2]  G. Bai,et al.  Scab of wheat: prospects for control. , 1994 .

[3]  G. Ware,et al.  Gas chromatographic determination of deoxynivalenol in wheat with electron capture detection. , 1984, Journal - Association of Official Analytical Chemists.

[4]  H H Casper,et al.  Determination of deoxynivalenol in wheat, barley, and malt by column cleanup and gas chromatography with electron capture detection. , 1996, Journal of AOAC International.

[5]  J. Dexter,et al.  Fusarium head blight: effect on the milling and baking of some Canadian wheats , 1996 .

[6]  W. Bushnell,et al.  Safety assurance and quality assurance issues associated with Fusarium head blight in wheat. , 2003 .

[7]  D. Bechtel,et al.  The effects of Fusarium graminearum infection on wheat kernels , 1985 .

[8]  H. Trenholm,et al.  Assessment of extraction procedures in the analysis of naturally contaminated grain products for deoxynivalenol (vomitoxin). , 1985, Journal - Association of Official Analytical Chemists.

[9]  T. Fearn,et al.  Near infrared spectroscopy in food analysis , 1986 .

[10]  S. Musser,et al.  Determination of deoxynivalenol in 1991 U.S. winter and spring wheat by high-performance thin-layer chromatography. , 1994, Journal of AOAC International.

[11]  Paul Chen,et al.  Estimation of Fusarium scab in wheat using machine vision and a neural network , 1998 .

[12]  E. Märtlbauer,et al.  Fusarium species and 8-keto-trichothecene mycotoxins in Manitoba barley , 1998 .

[13]  T. C. Pearson,et al.  Reduction of Aflatoxin and Fumonisin Contamination in Yellow Corn by High‐Speed Dual‐Wavelength Sorting , 2004 .

[14]  P. Scott,et al.  Gas chromatography with electron capture and mass spectrometric detection of deoxynivalenol in wheat and other grains. , 1981, Journal - Association of Official Analytical Chemists.

[15]  J. Pestka,et al.  Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay employing monoclonal antibody specific for deoxynivalenol (vomitoxin) and several analogues , 1988 .

[16]  F. Dowell,et al.  Single Wheat Kernel Color Classification by Using Near-Infrared Reflectance Spectra , 1999 .

[17]  Lena Åberg,et al.  Near infrared spectroscopy for determination of mycotoxins in cereals , 2003 .

[18]  M. Trucksess,et al.  Thin layer chromatographic determination of deoxynivalenol in wheat and corn. , 1984, Journal - Association of Official Analytical Chemists.

[19]  X. Luo,et al.  Identification of Damaged Kernels in Wheat using a Colour Machine Vision System , 1999 .

[20]  Floyd E. Dowell,et al.  Predicting Scab, Vomitoxin, and Ergosterol in Single Wheat Kernels Using Near-Infrared Spectroscopy , 1999 .

[21]  E. Märtlbauer,et al.  Two formats of enzyme immunoassay for 15-acetyldeoxynivalenol applied to wheat , 1993 .

[22]  J. Dexter,et al.  Removal by specific gravity table of tombstone kernels and associated trichothecenes from wheat infected with fusarium head blight , 1991 .

[23]  R. Dietrich,et al.  Direct enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays for the detection of the 8-ketotrichothecene mycotoxins deoxynivalenol, 3-acetyldeoxynivalenol, and 15-acetyldeoxynivalenol in buffer solutions , 1991 .

[24]  Floyd E. Dowell,et al.  Automated Color Classification of Single Wheat Kernels Using Visible and Near-Infrared Reflectance , 1998 .

[25]  Authentication of Whole and Ground Coffee Beans by near Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy , 1994 .

[26]  P. Scott,et al.  Determination of nivalenol and deoxynivalenol in cereals by electron-capture gas chromatography. , 1986, Journal - Association of Official Analytical Chemists.

[27]  S. R. Delwiche,et al.  CLASSIFICATION OF SCAB– AND OTHER MOLD–DAMAGED WHEAT KERNELS BY NEAR–INFRARED REFLECTANCE SPECTROSCOPY , 2003 .

[28]  K. Laasasenaho,et al.  Determination of mycotoxins in grain by high-performance liquid chromatography and thermospray liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. , 1987, Journal of chromatography.

[29]  D. R. Massie,et al.  Classification of Wheat by Visible and Near-Infrared Reflectance from Single Kernels , 1996 .