Practical detection of t(14;18)(IgH/BCL2) in follicular lymphoma.

The t(14;18)(q32;q21) translocation is the genetic hallmark of follicular lymphoma. Detection of this translocation can facilitate the diagnosis of follicular lymphoma and can be used to monitor response to therapy and level of residual disease. We herein review and compare practical techniques for detecting t(14;18)(q32;q21), including conventional cytogenetics, fluorescence in situ hybridization, Southern blot analysis, and polymerase chain reaction-based assay. Emphasis is placed on fluorescence in situ hybridization and polymerase chain reaction-based assay, given the applicability of these techniques to fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue.

[1]  D. Arber,et al.  ''Minor'' BCL2 breakpoints in follicular lymphoma: frequency and correlation with grade and disease presentation in 236 cases. , 2007, The Journal of molecular diagnostics : JMD.

[2]  A. Ng,et al.  Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. , 2007, Seminars in radiation oncology.

[3]  P. Dubus,et al.  Interphase fluorescence in situ hybridization is more sensitive than BIOMED-2 polymerase chain reaction protocol in detecting IGH-BCL2 rearrangement in both fixed and frozen lymph node with follicular lymphoma. , 2007, Human pathology.

[4]  N. Kernohan,et al.  BCL2 gene abnormalities define distinct clinical subsets of follicular lymphoma , 2006, Histopathology.

[5]  K. Reichard,et al.  Automated analysis of fluorescence in situ hybridization on fixed, paraffin-embedded whole tissue sections in B-cell lymphoma , 2006, Modern Pathology.

[6]  L. Cerroni,et al.  Molecular Cytogenetic Evidence of t(14;18)(IGH;BCL2) in a Substantial Proportion of Primary Cutaneous Follicle Center Lymphomas , 2006, The American journal of surgical pathology.

[7]  T. Kimlinger,et al.  FISH is superior to PCR in detecting t(14;18)(q32;q21)-IgH/bcl-2 in follicular lymphoma using paraffin-embedded tissue samples. , 2005, American journal of clinical pathology.

[8]  R. Buckstein,et al.  What is remission in follicular lymphoma and what is its relevance? , 2005, Best practice & research. Clinical haematology.

[9]  P. Batstone,et al.  Efficacy of screening the intermediate cluster region of the bcl2 gene in follicular lymphomas by PCR , 2004, Journal of Clinical Pathology.

[10]  S. Swerdlow,et al.  Utility of routine classical cytogenetic studies in the evaluation of suspected lymphomas: results of 279 consecutive lymph node/extranodal tissue biopsies. , 2004, American journal of clinical pathology.

[11]  M Hummel,et al.  Design and standardization of PCR primers and protocols for detection of clonal immunoglobulin and T-cell receptor gene recombinations in suspect lymphoproliferations: Report of the BIOMED-2 Concerted Action BMH4-CT98-3936 , 2003, Leukemia.

[12]  S. Barrans,et al.  The detection of t(14;18) in archival lymph nodes: development of a fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH)-based method and evaluation by comparison with polymerase chain reaction. , 2003, The Journal of molecular diagnostics : JMD.

[13]  E. Jaffe.  Pathology and Genetics: Tumours of Haematopoietic and Lymphoid Tissues , 2003 .

[14]  G. Dölken,et al.  Chromosomal translocation t(14;18) in healthy individuals. , 2003, Seminars in cancer biology.

[15]  G. Dewald,et al.  A new method to extract nuclei from paraffin-embedded tissue to study lymphomas using interphase fluorescence in situ hybridization. , 2002, The American journal of pathology.

[16]  M. Kurrer,et al.  High frequency of t(14;18)-translocation breakpoints outside of major breakpoint and minor cluster regions in follicular lymphomas: improved polymerase chain reaction protocols for their detection. , 2002, The American journal of pathology.

[17]  J. Aster,et al.  Detection of BCL2 rearrangements in follicular lymphoma. , 2002, The American journal of pathology.

[18]  R. Tubbs,et al.  Use of novel t(11;14) and t(14;18) dual-fusion fluorescence in situ hybridization probes in the differential diagnosis of lymphomas of small lymphocytes. , 2001, Diagnostic molecular pathology : the American journal of surgical pathology, part B.

[19]  T. Lister,et al.  Frequency of the Bcl-2/IgH rearrangement in normal individuals: implications for the monitoring of disease in patients with follicular lymphoma. , 2001, Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology.

[20]  F. Jardin,et al.  Characterisation of BCL2-JH rearrangements in follicular lymphoma: PCR detection of 3′ BCL2 breakpoints and evidence of a new cluster , 2000, Leukemia.

[21]  G. Salles,et al.  Variability of polymerase chain reaction detection of the bcl-2-IgH translocation in an international multicentre study. , 1999, Annals of oncology : official journal of the European Society for Medical Oncology.

[22]  A. Sarris,et al.  Novel 5' exonuclease-based real-time PCR assay for the detection of t(14;18)(q32;q21) in patients with follicular lymphoma. , 1998, The American journal of pathology.

[23]  H. Ohno,et al.  Refinement of the BCL2/immunoglobulin heavy chain fusion gene in t(14;18)(q32;q21) by polymerase chain reaction amplification for long targets , 1998, Genes, chromosomes & cancer.

[24]  R. Gascoyne,et al.  Comparison of cytogenetic analysis, southern analysis, and polymerase chain reaction for the detection of t(14; 18) in follicular lymphoma. , 1995, American journal of clinical pathology.

[25]  J. Sklar,et al.  Detection of a second t(14;18) breakpoint cluster region in human follicular lymphomas , 1986, The Journal of experimental medicine.

[26]  J. Sklar,et al.  Nucleotide sequence of a t(14;18) chromosomal breakpoint in follicular lymphoma and demonstration of a breakpoint-cluster region near a transcriptionally active locus on chromosome 18. , 1985, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[27]  P. Soubeyran,et al.  Variability of quantitative polymerase chain reaction detection of the bcl-2-IgH translocation in an international multicenter study. , 2005, Haematologica.

[28]  R. Gascoyne,et al.  Low-grade lymphoma. , 2004, Hematology. American Society of Hematology. Education Program.

[29]  A. Moreau,et al.  Is t(14;18)(q32;q21) a constant finding in follicular lymphoma? An interphase FISH study on 63 patients , 2003, Leukemia.

[30]  Cdm Fletcher,et al.  World Health Organization Classification of Tumours , 2002 .