Mitogen‐activated protein phosphorylation in endothelial cells exposed to hyperosmolar conditions

The effect of hyperosmolarity on the induction of the mitogen‐activated protein kinases (MAPK) was studied in bovine aortic endothelial cell (EC). Different types of agents were used to differentiate the effects of osmolarity from other variables. Hypertonic treatment with physiologically relevant levels of NaCl (350 mOsm/kg H2O) significantly increased the level of expression of p38 within 2 min, and ERK‐1/2 and JNK after 10 min. The inductions peaked between 30 and 60 min and returned to baseline levels within 2 h. A similar pattern of induction occurred with ionic contrast agent. p38 induction by glucose and mannitol showed a similar pattern, although the level of ERK‐1/2 phosphorylation was not as robust, and JNK was not induced by glucose. Urea did not affect the level of induction of the MAPK isoforms. It is concluded that MAPK plays an important role in hyperosmolality‐induced signal transduction. Different osmotic agents induce MAPK expression differently. No MAPK induction with urea implies that cell shrinkage may be an important component of hyperosmolality‐induced MAPK phosphorylation. J. Cell. Biochem. 76:567–571, 2000. © 2000 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.

[1]  O. Rotstein,et al.  Cell Shrinkage Regulates Src Kinases and Induces Tyrosine Phosphorylation of Cortactin, Independent of the Osmotic Regulation of Na+/H+ Exchangers* , 1999, Journal of Biological Chemistry.

[2]  Michael Karin.  Mitogen‐Activated Protein Kinase Cascades as Regulators of Stress Responses , 1998, Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences.

[3]  J. Madri,et al.  Platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1 expression modulates endothelial cell migration in vitro. , 1998, Laboratory investigation; a journal of technical methods and pathology.

[4]  F. Posas,et al.  A human homolog of the yeast Ssk2/Ssk22 MAP kinase kinase kinases, MTK1, mediates stress‐induced activation of the p38 and JNK pathways , 1997, The EMBO journal.

[5]  S. Grinstein,et al.  Induction of Tyrosine Phosphorylation and Na+/H+Exchanger Activation during Shrinkage of Human Neutrophils* , 1997, The Journal of Biological Chemistry.

[6]  J. Cansado,et al.  Osmo-stress-induced changes in neutral trehalase activity of the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe. , 1997, Biochimica et biophysica acta.

[7]  E. Nishida,et al.  Activation of JNK signaling pathway by erythropoietin, thrombopoietin, and interleukin-3. , 1997, Blood.

[8]  J. Pouysségur,et al.  The p42/p44 Mitogen-activated Protein Kinase Cascade Is Determinant in Mediating Activation of the Na+/H+ Exchanger (NHE1 Isoform) in Response to Growth Factors* , 1997, The Journal of Biological Chemistry.

[9]  F. Schliess,et al.  Osmosignalling in C6 glioma cells , 1997, FEBS letters.

[10]  B. Berk,et al.  Mitogen-activated protein kinase (ERK1/2) activation by shear stress and adhesion in endothelial cells. Essential role for a herbimycin-sensitive kinase. , 1996, The Journal of clinical investigation.

[11]  H. Kawasaki,et al.  Ras-dependent and Ras-independent activation pathways for the stress-activated-protein-kinase cascade. , 1996, European journal of biochemistry.

[12]  M. O’Donnell,et al.  Endothelial Na-K-Cl cotransport regulation by tonicity and hormones: phosphorylation of cotransport protein. , 1995, The American journal of physiology.

[13]  H. Kawasaki,et al.  Evidence for Multiple Activators for Stress-activated Protein Kinases/c-Jun Amino-terminal Kinases. , 1995, The Journal of Biological Chemistry.

[14]  H. Kawasaki,et al.  Activation of Protein Kinase Cascades by Osmotic Shock (*) , 1995, The Journal of Biological Chemistry.

[15]  T. Hirano,et al.  Activation of Fes tyrosine kinase by gp130, an interleukin-6 family cytokine signal transducer, and their association , 1995, The Journal of Biological Chemistry.

[16]  M. Gustin,et al.  Positioning of cell growth and division after osmotic stress requires a map kinase pathway , 1994, Yeast.

[17]  J. Blenis,et al.  Signal transduction via the MAP kinases: proceed at your own RSK. , 1993, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[18]  M. O’Donnell.  Role of Na-K-Cl cotransport in vascular endothelial cell volume regulation. , 1993, The American journal of physiology.

[19]  W. C. O'Neill,et al.  Regulation of vascular endothelial cell volume by Na-K-2Cl cotransport. , 1992, The American journal of physiology.

[20]  Marcos Intaglietta,et al.  Volume changes of an endothelial cell monolayer on exposure to anisotonic media , 1989, Journal of cellular physiology.

[21]  M. M. Bradford.  A rapid and sensitive method for the quantitation of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein-dye binding. , 1976, Analytical biochemistry.