Residues Control by Using Rapid Bioassay of Pesticide Residues (RBPR) for Market Inspection and Farm Education

Following the execution of residue control program using housefly bioassay technique during 1964-1987, Taiwan Agricultural Research Institute has renovated and implemented a rapid bioassay method since 1985. The established rapid bioassay of pesticide residues (RBPR) system is aiming at detecting the noxious organ phosphorus, carbamate insecticides as well as ethylene bisdithiocarbamate fungicides using housefly acetylcholinesterase and Bacillus thuringiensis as the probes. Standard assay procedures have been developed to detect the residues on fruits, vegetables, rice, tea, spices, etc., and are able to complete 50 shipments within 4-6 hours. In Taiwan, more than 300 RBPR stations inspect a half million agricultural products annually, and have constructed a residue control system that covers farmer association and farm cooperative in production areas; wholesale markets; food suppliers for military services, school and group lunching; supermarket chain stores; private enterprises, etc. RBPR has also been adopted by the Republic of Korea, Vietnam, Philippines, Panama and many Southeast Asian countries, and 11 international RBPR training workshops were held during 1993-2010. The institute also is responsible for supplying RBPR reagent kits and high quality of housefly acetylcholinesterases to local users and abroad.

[1]  E. Stahl.  Thin Layer Chromatography: A Laboratory Handbook , 1969 .

[2]  W. Bontoyan,et al.  Degradation of commercial ethylene bisdithiocarbamate formulations to ethylenethiourea under elevated temperature and humidity , 1973 .

[3]  G. F. Burnett,et al.  Insecticides, Action and Metabolism. , 1968 .

[4]  M. H. Sadar,et al.  Purification and properties of cholinesterases from honey bees-Apis mellifera and boll weevils--Anthonomus gandis , 1970 .

[5]  H. Geissbühler,et al.  Phosphamidon residue methods. , 1971, Residue reviews.

[6]  H. Salama,et al.  Development of some lepidopterous cotton pests as affected by exposure to sublethal levels of endotoxins of Bacillus thuringiensis for different periods , 1981 .

[7]  E. Cheng,et al.  Method Development and Application for Rapid Detection of the Anticholinergic Residues in Rice , 2003 .

[8]  R. Hammerschlag,et al.  Benomyl and methyl-2-benzimidazolecarbamate (MBC): Biochemical, cytological and chemical aspects of toxicity to Ustilago maydis and Saccharomyces cerevesiae☆ , 1973 .

[9]  G. Ellman,et al.  Tissue sulfhydryl groups. , 1959, Archives of biochemistry and biophysics.

[10]  V. K. Madan,et al.  Monitoring of Pesticide Residues in Fruits , 2006, Environmental monitoring and assessment.

[11]  G. Voss.  Automated Determination of Activity and Inhibition of Cholinesterase with Acetylthiocholine and Dithiobisnitrobenzoic Acid , 1966 .

[12]  S. Wagner.  Clinical Toxicology of Agricultural Chemicals , 1983 .

[13]  E. Cheng,et al.  Rapid Bioassay of Pesticide Residues (RBPR) on Fruits and Vegetables , 1991 .

[14]  J. H. Karchmer,et al.  The analytical chemistry of sulfur and its compounds , 1970 .