Recent advances in neural development

A surprisingly small number of signalling pathways are used reiteratively during neural development, eliciting very different responses depending on the cellular context. Thus, the way a neural cell responds to a given signal is as important as the signal itself and this responsiveness, also called competence, changes with time. Here we describe recent advances in elucidating the signalling pathways that operate in brain development.

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[63]  H. Kondoh,et al.  Convergence of Wnt and FGF signals in the genesis of posterior neural plate through activation of the Sox2 enhancer N-1 , 2005, Development.

[64]  J. Modolell,et al.  The Wnt-activated Xiro1 gene encodes a repressor that is essential for neural development and downregulates Bmp4. , 2001, Development.

[65]  Ryoichiro Kageyama,et al.  Roles of bHLH genes in neural stem cell differentiation. , 2005, Experimental cell research.

[66]  Anirvan Ghosh,et al.  Transcriptional regulation of vertebrate axon guidance and synapse formation , 2007, Nature Reviews Neuroscience.

[67]  C. Stern,et al.  Neural induction requires BMP inhibition only as a late step, and involves signals other than FGF and Wnt antagonists , 2004, Development.

[68]  Ivor Mason,et al.  Initiation to end point: the multiple roles of fibroblast growth factors in neural development , 2007, Nature Reviews Neuroscience.

[69]  F. Rijli,et al.  Hoxa2- and Rhombomere-Dependent Development of the Mouse Facial Somatosensory Map , 2006, Science.

[70]  E. D. De Robertis,et al.  Depletion of Bmp2, Bmp4, Bmp7 and Spemann organizer signals induces massive brain formation in Xenopus embryos , 2005, Development.

[71]  E. Robertis,et al.  Integrating Patterning Signals: Wnt/GSK3 Regulates the Duration of the BMP/Smad1 Signal , 2007, Cell.

[72]  Scott E Fraser,et al.  Convergent extension: the molecular control of polarized cell movement during embryonic development. , 2002, Developmental cell.

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[74]  A. Lumsden,et al.  Compartments and their boundaries in vertebrate brain development , 2005, Nature Reviews Neuroscience.

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[76]  H. Wichterle,et al.  Directed Differentiation of Embryonic Stem Cells into Motor Neurons , 2002, Cell.

[77]  G. Oliver,et al.  Six3 inactivation causes progressive caudalization and aberrant patterning of the mammalian diencephalon , 2008, Development.

[78]  S. Sokol,et al.  Metastasis-associated kinase modulates Wnt signaling to regulate brain patterning and morphogenesis , 2006, Development.

[79]  A. B. Huber,et al.  Signaling at the growth cone: ligand-receptor complexes and the control of axon growth and guidance. , 2003, Annual review of neuroscience.

[80]  B. Riley,et al.  Rhombomere boundaries are Wnt signaling centers that regulate metameric patterning in the zebrafish hindbrain , 2004, Developmental dynamics : an official publication of the American Association of Anatomists.

[81]  R. Nusse,et al.  The Wnt signaling pathway in development and disease. , 2004, Annual review of cell and developmental biology.

[82]  Jacqueline Deschamps,et al.  Head-tail patterning of the vertebrate embryo: one, two or many unresolved problems? , 2006, The International journal of developmental biology.

[83]  A. McMahon,et al.  The Morphogen Sonic Hedgehog Is an Axonal Chemoattractant that Collaborates with Netrin-1 in Midline Axon Guidance , 2003, Cell.

[84]  Marc Tessier-Lavigne,et al.  Boc is a receptor for sonic hedgehog in the guidance of commissural axons , 2006, Nature.

[85]  N. Staudt,et al.  The Prethalamus Is Established during Gastrulation and Influences Diencephalic Regionalization , 2007, PLoS biology.

[86]  A. Simeone,et al.  Otx2 Controls Identity and Fate of Glutamatergic Progenitors of the Thalamus by Repressing GABAergic Differentiation , 2006, The Journal of Neuroscience.

[87]  Philippe Soriano,et al.  In vivo convergence of BMP and MAPK signaling pathways: impact of differential Smad1 phosphorylation on development and homeostasis. , 2004, Genes & development.