Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-Bisphosphate Mediates Ca2+-induced Platelet α-Granule Secretion

To understand the molecular basis of granule release from platelets, we examined the role of phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PtdIns(4,5)P2) in α-granule secretion. Streptolysin O-permeabilized platelets synthesized PtdIns(4,5)P2 when incubated in the presence of ATP. Incubation of streptolysin O-permeabilized platelets with phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C reduced PtdIns(4,5)P2 levels and resulted in a dose- and time-dependent inhibition of Ca2+-induced α-granule secretion. Exogenously added PtdIns(4,5)P2inhibited α-granule secretion, with 80% inhibition at 50 μm PtdIns(4,5)P2. Nanomolar concentrations of wortmannin, 33.3 μm LY294002, and antibodies directed against PtdIns 3-kinase did not inhibit Ca2+-induced α-granule secretion, suggesting that PtdIns 3-kinase is not involved in α-granule secretion. However, micromolar concentrations of wortmannin inhibited both PtdIns(4,5)P2 synthesis and α-granule secretion by ∼50%. Antibodies directed against type II phosphatidylinositol-phosphate kinase (phosphatidylinositol 5-phosphate 4-kinase) also inhibited both PtdIns(4,5)P2 synthesis and Ca2+-induced α-granule secretion by ∼50%. These antibodies inhibited α-granule secretion only when added prior to ATP exposure and not when added following ATP exposure, prior to Ca2+-mediated triggering. The inhibitory effects of micromolar wortmannin and anti-type II phosphatidylinositol-phosphate kinase antibodies were additive. These results show that PtdIns(4,5)P2 mediates platelet α-granule secretion and that PtdIns(4,5)P2 synthesis required for Ca2+-induced α-granule secretion involves the type II phosphatidylinositol 5-phosphate 4-kinase-dependent pathway.

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