Intersarcomere dynamics during fixed‐end tetanic contractions of frog muscle fibres.

1. The stability of sarcomere lengths along single twitch fibres from frog muscles was examined during fixed‐end tetani, using a spot follower apparatus to monitor the length of a central segment. 2. Internal movement, with most of the fibre lengthening and small regions at the ends shortening as the contraction proceeded, was always seen at fibre lengths beyond those corresponding to a sarcomere length of 2.3 micrometer. 3. The rate of lengthening of the central region was fastest during the slow phase of tension rise (creep) but continued at a slower rate throughout the tetanus. These observations are in accord with the idea that progressive development of sarcomere non‐uniformity is responsible for the creep phase. 4. Observations at various muscle lengths of the rate of decay of tension and the duration of the slow phase of relaxation suggest that movement during relaxation is due to sarcomere length non‐uniformities and variations of decay rate with sarcomere length. 5. The rate of tension fall after stimulation ceases in an isometric sarcomere, and the factors which determine that rate, are discussed in view of evidence from fixed‐end and length‐clamped tetani, and recently reported experiments using aequorin.

[1]  A. Huxley,et al.  Rapid 'give' and the tension 'shoulder' in the relaxation of frog muscle fibres. , 1970, The Journal of physiology.

[2]  B. Bressler,et al.  Cross bridges as the major source of compliance in contracting skeletal muscle , 1975, Nature.

[3]  S. R. Taylor,et al.  Calcium transients in isolated amphibian skeletal muscle fibres: detection with aequorin. , 1978, The Journal of physiology.

[4]  A. Huxley,et al.  Mechanical Transients and the Origin of Muscular Force , 1973 .

[5]  J. Murray,et al.  Molecular control mechanisms in muscle contraction. , 1973, Physiological reviews.

[6]  F. Julian,et al.  Sarcomere length non-uniformity in relation to tetanic responses of stretched skeletal muscle fibres , 1978, Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series B. Biological Sciences.

[7]  R. Ramsey,et al.  The isometric length‐tension diagram of isolated skeletal muscle fibers of the frog , 1940 .

[8]  A. Huxley,et al.  The variation in isometric tension with sarcomere length in vertebrate muscle fibres , 1966, The Journal of physiology.

[9]  Huxley Af,et al.  Rapid 'give' and the tension 'shoulder' in the relaxation of frog muscle fibres. , 1970 .

[10]  A. Huxley,et al.  The maximum length for contraction in vertebrate striated muscle , 1961, The Journal of physiology.

[11]  A. Weber,et al.  Cooperation within actin filament in vertebrate skeletal muscle. , 1972, Nature: New biology.

[12]  A. Huxley,et al.  Tension development in highly stretched vertebrate muscle fibres , 1966, The Journal of physiology.

[13]  A. Huxley Muscle structure and theories of contraction. , 1957, Progress in biophysics and biophysical chemistry.

[14]  A. Hill The mechanics of active muscle , 1953, Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series B - Biological Sciences.