Thr ee-Dimensional Displacement Measurement in Sub-pixel Accuracy for Seismic Phenomena from Optical Satellite Sensor Image

This paper describes a new method to accurately determine seismic deformation from multi-temporal optical satellite image data, which enables us to measure not only horizontal but vertical displacement of seismic phenomena in sub-pixel accuracy. The precise three-dimensional measurements are obtained from difference of digital elevation model (DEM) as well as optimized registration by cross correlation between the images before and after earthquake. The oscillation of look directions are corrected to compensate for attitude jitter of the satellite. The line of sight vector are up-graded and a resampling method is modified to guarantee the geometric performance of geo-referenced images. We analyzed its performance using the Visible and Near-Infrared Radiometer (VNIR) images acquired by Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection radiometer (ASTER) with 15 m spatial resolution, which is resampled with high accuracy. Large coseismic deformation due to the swarm earthquakes between September 14 and October 4 2005 Dabbahu, Ethiopia is clarified. Keyword : sub-pixel, three-dimentional displacement, ASTER, DEM