Analysis of peptides and proteins affinity-bound to iron oxide nanoparticles by MALDI MS

Iron oxide nanoparticles modified with oleate have been employed for the extraction of peptides and proteins from aqueous solution before matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) mass spectrometric (MS) analysis. Adsorption of peptides and proteins onto the nanoparticles were mainly through electrostatic attraction and hydrophobic interaction. The analyte-adsorbed iron oxide nanoparticles could be efficiently collected from solution using a magnet. No elution step was needed. With this preconcentration strategy, the lowest detectable concentration of angiotensin I, insulin, and myoglobin in 500 µL of aqueous solution were 0.1 nM, 0.1 nM, and 10.0 nM, respectively. In addition, the nanoparticles could extract the analytes from solution with a high content of salt and surfactant, thus eliminating suppression effect during MALDI MS analysis. This method was successfully applied to concentrate the tryptic digest products of cytochrome c. In addition, the tryptic digestion of cytochrome c can be directly conducted on the iron oxide nanoparticles.

[1]  S. Risbud,et al.  Synthesis and Characterization of Nanometer‐Size Fe3O4 and γ‐ Fe2O3 Particles. , 1997 .

[2]  Yu-Chie Chen,et al.  Carbon nanotubes as affinity probes for peptides and proteins in MALDI MS analysis , 2004, Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry.

[3]  Thomas P Conrads,et al.  The SELDI-TOF MS approach to proteomics: protein profiling and biomarker identification. , 2002, Biochemical and biophysical research communications.

[4]  T. Schiestel,et al.  Development of an MHC-class I peptide selection assay combining nanoparticle technology and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionisation mass spectrometry. , 2003, Journal of immunological methods.

[5]  M. Karas,et al.  Laser desorption ionization of proteins with molecular masses exceeding 10,000 daltons. , 1988, Analytical chemistry.

[6]  Chau-Chung Han,et al.  Polylysine-coated diamond nanocrystals for MALDI-TOF mass analysis of DNA oligonucleotides. , 2005, Analytical chemistry.

[7]  K. Gevaert,et al.  A peptide concentration and purification method for protein characterization in the subpicomole range using matrix assisted laser desorption/ionization‐postsource decay (MALDI‐PSD) sequencing , 1998, Electrophoresis.

[8]  Huan-Cheng Chang,et al.  Adsorption and immobilization of cytochrome c on nanodiamonds. , 2004, Langmuir : the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids.

[9]  S. Weinberger,et al.  Current developments in SELDI affinity technology. , 2004, Mass spectrometry reviews.

[10]  Zeolite nanoparticles with immobilized metal ions: isolation and MALDI-TOF-MS/MS identification of phosphopeptides. , 2004, Chemical communications.

[11]  M. Bruening,et al.  Non-specific, on-probe cleanup methods for MALDI-MS samples. , 2003, Mass spectrometry reviews.

[12]  M. Bruening,et al.  Patterned monolayer/polymer films for analysis of dilute or salt-contaminated protein samples by MALDI-MS. , 2003, Analytical chemistry.

[13]  R. S. Brown,et al.  Mass resolution improvement by incorporation of pulsed ion extraction in a matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization linear time-of-flight mass spectrometer. , 1995, Analytical chemistry.

[14]  E. Holland,et al.  Serum peptide profiling by magnetic particle-assisted, automated sample processing and MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. , 2004, Analytical chemistry.

[15]  T. Yip,et al.  New desorption strategies for the mass spectrometric analysis of macromolecules , 1993 .

[16]  On-probe solid-phase extraction/MALDI-MS using ion-pairing interactions for the cleanup of peptides and proteins. , 1998, Analytical chemistry.

[17]  Yu-Chie Chen,et al.  Gold nanoparticles as selective and concentrating probes for samples in MALDI MS analysis. , 2004, Analytical chemistry.

[18]  F Hillenkamp,et al.  Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry of biopolymers. , 1991, Analytical chemistry.

[19]  M. Muhammed,et al.  Synthesis and characterization of surfactant-coated superparamagnetic monodispersed iron oxide nanoparticles , 2001 .

[20]  K. Tomer,et al.  Direct Analysis of Affinity-Bound Analytes by MALDI/TOF MS , 1994 .

[21]  E. Bayer,et al.  Quantitation of phosphorothioate oligonucleotides in human blood plasma using a nanoparticle-based method for solid-phase extraction. , 1998, Analytical chemistry.

[22]  Paul Tempst,et al.  Affinity capture of specific DNA-binding proteins for mass spectrometric identification. , 2003, Analytical chemistry.

[23]  C. Borchers,et al.  Direct MALDI-MS/MS of phosphopeptides affinity-bound to immobilized metal ion affinity chromatography beads. , 2002, Analytical chemistry.

[24]  Yu-Chie Chen,et al.  Using biofunctionalized nanoparticles to probe pathogenic bacteria. , 2004, Analytical chemistry.

[25]  H-C Chang,et al.  High-affinity capture of proteins by diamond nanoparticles for mass spectrometric analysis. , 2005, Analytical chemistry.

[26]  Yu‐Fen Huang,et al.  Nile Red-adsorbed gold nanoparticle matrixes for determining aminothiols through surface-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry. , 2006, Analytical chemistry.

[27]  D. Schriemer,et al.  Combining avidin-biotin chemistry with matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry. , 1996, Analytical chemistry.

[28]  Joshua E. Smith,et al.  Functionalized nanoparticles for liquid atmospheric pressure matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization peptide analysis. , 2004, Rapid communications in mass spectrometry : RCM.

[29]  Kai-Yi Wang,et al.  Ethylene glycol-protected magnetic nanoparticles for a multiplexed immunoassay in human plasma. , 2006, Small.

[30]  K. Tomer,et al.  Detection and sequencing of phosphopeptides , 2000, Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry.

[31]  R. Orlando,et al.  Probe-immobilized affinity chromatography/mass spectrometry. , 1995, Analytical chemistry.

[32]  Yu Zhang,et al.  Protective coating of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles , 2003 .

[33]  K. Gevaert,et al.  Peptides adsorbed on reverse‐phase chromatographic beads as targets for femtomole sequencing by post‐source decay matrix assisted laser desorption ionization‐reflectron time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI‐RETOF‐MS) , 1997, Electrophoresis.

[34]  Yu-Chie Chen,et al.  Affinity capture using vancomycin-bound magnetic nanoparticles for the MALDI-MS analysis of bacteria. , 2005, Analytical chemistry.

[35]  P. Stroeve,et al.  In situ observation of domain structure in monolayers of arachidic acid/γ-Fe2O3 nanoparticle complexes at the air/water interface , 2002 .

[36]  Stephen A. Martin,et al.  Delayed extraction matrix‐assisted laser desorption time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry , 1995 .

[37]  A. Brockman,et al.  A desalting approach for MALDI-MS using on-probe hydrophobic self-assembled monolayers. , 1997, Analytical chemistry.

[38]  Thomas P Conrads,et al.  SELDI-TOF MS for diagnostic proteomics. , 2003, Analytical chemistry.

[39]  P. Demirev,et al.  Characterization of intact microorganisms by MALDI mass spectrometry. , 2001, Mass spectrometry reviews.

[40]  On-probe immunoaffinity extraction by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry. , 1998, Analytical chemistry.

[41]  N. N. Shah,et al.  Optimization of a hydrophobic solid-phase extraction interface for matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization. , 1998, Journal of mass spectrometry : JMS.

[42]  Shu-hua Chen,et al.  Nanoprobe-based affinity mass spectrometry for selected protein profiling in human plasma. , 2005, Analytical chemistry.

[43]  G. Bolbach,et al.  Coupling of MALDI-TOF mass analysis to the separation of biotinylated peptides by magnetic streptavidin beads. , 1996, Analytical chemistry.

[44]  Yu-Chie Chen,et al.  Fe3O4/TiO2 core/shell nanoparticles as affinity probes for the analysis of phosphopeptides using TiO2 surface-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry. , 2005, Analytical chemistry.