Study of Yarn Snarling Part I: Critical Parameters of Snarling

Snarling is a persistent problem in textile manufacturing processes such as warping, winding, knitting and weft insertion. In such processes, the tendency of yarn to snarl is considered to be a negative feature leading to the yarn breakage, reduced fabric quality and low production efficiency. On the other hand, the tendency of a yarn to snarl is employed to advantage in fancy yarn manufacture. This series of papers is devoted to the study of snarling both as an undesirable and a desirable feature of yarns. This paper deals with the critical parameters that cause snarling. An experimental study of yarn behaviour during twisting and snarling has been carried out. Theoretical snarling criteria are considered and applied to the prediction of the critical parameters of snarling. A good comparison between the theoretical behaviour of yarns and the experimental results is achieved when the non-linear behaviour of yarns during twisting is taken into account. Recommendations for avoiding snarling during yarn production and handling are given.

[1]  Tetsuro Yabuta,et al.  Submarine Cable Kink Analysis , 1984 .

[2]  R. C. Dhingra,et al.  15—THE MEASUREMENT OF TORQUE IN CONTINUOUS-FILAMENT YARNS PART I: EXPERIMENTAL TECHNIQUES , 1974 .

[3]  R. Slinger,et al.  Factors Influencing the Flexural Ridigity of Wool Worsted Hosiery Yams , 1971 .

[4]  F. Crick,et al.  Supercoiled DNA. , 1980, Scientific American.

[5]  C. Calladine,et al.  A useful role for "static" models in elucidating the behaviour of DNA in solution. , 1996, Journal of molecular biology.

[6]  J. Hearle,et al.  The Tensile Properties of Twisted Single Fibers , 1960 .

[7]  William G. Klein,et al.  Mechanics of Elastic Performance of Textile Materials , 1959 .

[8]  F. Rosenthal.  The Application of Greenhill’s Formula to Cable Hockling , 1976 .

[10]  On the Flexural-Torsional Behavior of a Straight Elastic Beam Subject to Terminal Moments , 1993 .

[11]  C. Calladine.  Toroidal elastic supercoiling of DNA , 1980, Biopolymers.

[12]  W. Morton,et al.  8—THE MEASUREMENT OF TORSIONAL RELAXATION IN TEXTILE FIBRES , 1947 .

[13]  G. Leaf,et al.  Large-Scale Extension and Recovery of Plain Woven Fabrics , 1991 .

[14]  R. C. Dhingra,et al.  52—THE BENDING AND RECOVERY PROPERTIES OF CONTINUOUS-FILAMENT AND STAPLE-FIBRE YARNS , 1976 .

[15]  A. R. Champneys,et al.  A multiplicity of localized buckling modes for twisted rod equations , 1996, Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences.

[16]  Stuart S. Antman,et al.  Kirchhoff’s problem for nonlinearly elastic rods , 1974 .

[17]  M. Platt,et al.  Mechanics of Elastic Performance of Textile Materials , 1951 .

[18]  R. Postle,et al.  41—THE TORQUE IN TWISTED SINGLES YARNS , 1964 .

[19]  Thomas Childs Cochran.  I. The Problem , 1959 .

[20]  R. Postle,et al.  12—A STUDY OF YARN TORQUE AND ITS DEPENDENCE ON THE DISTRIBUTION OF FIBRE TENSILE STRESS IN THE YARN PART II: EXPERIMENTAL , 1979 .

[21]  Effect of Fiber Length, Fineness, and Twist on the Bending Behavior of Polyester and Viscose Staple Rotor Spun Yams , 1990 .

[22]  R. Alagirusamy,et al.  An Analysis of the Air-jet Yarn-texturing Process , 1988 .

[23]  J. Hearle,et al.  32—THE SNARLING OF HIGHLY TWISTED MONOFILAMENTS. PART I: THE LOAD–ELONGATION BEHAVIOUR WITH NORMAL SNARLING , 1972 .

[24]  J. Coyne,et al.  Analysis of the formation and elimination of loops in twisted cable , 1990 .

[25]  G. R. Wray,et al.  An analysis of the air-jet yarn texturing process. Part 6, The mechanism of loop formation , 1986 .

[26]  H. K. Moffatt,et al.  The Helicity of a Knotted Vortex Filament , 1992 .

[27]  M. Feughelman,et al.  The Torsional Properties of Single Wool Fibers , 1960 .

[28]  P. S. Gracie.  TWIST GEOMETRY AND TWIST LIMITS IN YARNS AND CORDS , 1960 .

[29]  A. G. Greenhill.  On the Strength of Shafting When Exposed Both to Torsion and to End Thrust , 1883 .

[30]  J. P. Dwivedi,et al.  Mechanics of Kinking in Cables , 1990 .

[31]  D.N.E. Cooper,et al.  The Effect of Twist upon Bending Properties , 1960 .

[32]  E. V. Paintert,et al.  Mechanics of Elastic Performance of Textile Materials , 1952 .

[33]  Alan R. Champneys,et al.  From helix to localized writhing in the torsional post-buckling of elastic rods , 1996, Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences.

[34]  John W. S. Hearle,et al.  33—THE SNARLING OF HIGHLY TWISTED MONOFILAMENTS. PART II: CYLINDRICAL SNARLING , 1972 .

[35]  W. Thierron.  The Flexural Rigidity of Polyester-fibre–Cotton Yarns Produced on the Ring-, Rotor-, and Friction-spinning Systems , 1985 .

[36]  Tamar Schlick,et al.  Trefoil Knotting Revealed by Molecular Dynamics Simulations of Supercoiled DNA , 1992, Science.

[37]  N. Yoshizawa,et al.  Cable Kink Analysis: Cable Loop Stability Under Tension , 1982 .

[38]  Stepan Vladimirovitch Lomov,et al.  Experimental investigation into loop forming (loss of stability) by turning of threads , 1997 .

[39]  M. Wadati,et al.  Elastic model of looped DNA , 1986 .

[40]  T Koller,et al.  Duplex DNA knots produced by Escherichia coli topoisomerase I. Structure and requirements for formation. , 1985, The Journal of biological chemistry.

[41]  M. J. Denton,et al.  Direct Objective Measurement of Yarn-torque Level , 1996 .

[42]  T. Tadic,et al.  A Contribution to Residual-torque Evaluation by the Geometrical Parameters of an Open Yarn Loop , 1995 .

[43]  Francis C. Liu.  Kink formation and rotational response of single and multistrand electromechanical cables / by F. C. Liu. , 1975 .