Modelling of power distribution components

Distribution networks may be disturbed by lightning in case of either direct strikes to the line conductors or nearby strokes. In order to evaluate the lightning transients and their impact on a power distribution network, the knowledge of the response of the main system components when subjected to the resulting surges is of essential importance. The radial configuration is characterized, on the one hand, by minimal control of power flow, and, on the other hand, by straightforward circuit design, easy fault current protection, and low cost. In this paper power distribution networks, along with models of the main system components, including poles, transformers, insulators, surge arresters, SPDs, grounding systems, and the equivalent input impedance of LV power installations. The models are very useful as they are reliable, relatively simple, and can be used in programs for the evaluation of lightning electromagnetic transients in MV and LV networks.