Influence of wheel polygonal wear on interior noise of high-speed trains

This work presents a detailed investigation conducted into the relationships between wheel polygonal wear and wheel/rail noise, and the interior noise of high-speed trains through extensive experiments and numerical simulations. The field experiments include roundness measurement and characteristics analysis of the high-speed wheels in service, and analysis on the effect of re-profiling on the interior noise of the high-speed coach. The experimental analysis shows that wheel polygonal wear has a great impact on wheel/rail noise and interior noise. In the numerical simulation, the model of high-speed wheel/rail noise caused by the uneven wheel wear is developed by means of the high-speed wheel-track noise software (HWTNS). The calculation model of the interior noise of a high-speed coach is developed based on the hybrid of the finite element method and the statistic energy analysis (FE-SEA). The numerical simulation analyses the effect of the polygonal wear characteristics, such as roughness level, polygon order (or wavelength), and polygon phase, on wheel/rail noise and interior noise of a high-speed coach. The numerical results show that different polygon order with nearly the same roughness levels can cause different wheel/rail noises and interior noises. The polygon with a higher roughness level can cause a larger wheel/rail noise and a larger interior noise. The combination of different polygon phases can make a different wheel circle diameter difference due to wear, but its effect on the interior noise level is not great. This study can provide a basis for improving the criteria for high-speed wheel re-profiling of China’s high-speed trains.概要研究目的研究高速列车车轮多边形特征对轮轨噪声和车内噪声的影响规律, 讨论目前国内高速列车车轮镟修指标的不足, 为高速列车车轮镟修方法的优化改进提供科学依据。创新要点系统分析高速列车车轮多边形阶次、 幅值和相位等参数对车内噪声的影响规律; 提出车轮镟修中仅考虑车轮径跳作为限值是不够的。研究方法1. 基于线路试验, 初步分析高速列车车轮多边形状态对车内噪声的影响, 进而对车轮多边形特征进行剖析; 2. 基于带通滤波和快速傅里叶变换, 使用MATLAB程序生成不同阶次、 幅值和相位的车轮多边形粗糙度数据; 3. 基于TWINS轮轨噪声原理, 使用HWTNS预测含有不同车轮多边形特性的轮轨噪声; 4. 基于混合有限元-统计能量分析(FE-SEA)方法, 建立高速列车客室端部车内噪声预测模型, 预测车内噪声; 5. 通过分析车轮多边形参数、 车轮径跳和车内噪声之间的相互关系, 研究目前的高速列车车轮镟修指标是否合适。重要结论1. 高速列车车轮径跳值相同, 但车轮多边形状态不同时, 轮轨噪声与车内噪声有明显差异; 2. 当车轮多边形幅值相同时, 高阶多边形可以引起更高的轮轨噪声和车内噪声; 3. 改变车轮多边形的相位, 可以获得不同的车轮径跳值, 但是对轮轨噪声和车内噪声几乎没有影响。

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