Plug-and-Play Robust Voltage Control of DC Microgrids

The purpose of this paper is to explore the applicability of linear time-invariant dynamical systems with polytopic uncertainty for modeling and control of islanded dc microgrids under plug-and-play (PnP) functionality of distributed generations (DGs). We develop a robust decentralized voltage control framework to ensure robust stability and reliable operation for islanded dc microgrids. The problem of voltage control of islanded dc microgrids with PnP operation of DGs is formulated as a convex optimization problem with structural constraints on some decision variables. The proposed control scheme offers several advantages including decentralized voltage control with no communication link, transient stability/performance, PnP capability, scalability of design, applicability to microgrids with general topology, and robustness to microgrid uncertainties. The effectiveness of the proposed control approach is evaluated through simulation studies carried out in MATLAB/SimPowerSystems Toolbox.

[1]  J.M. Guerrero,et al.  Hierarchical control of droop-controlled DC and AC microgrids — a general approach towards standardization , 2009, 2009 35th Annual Conference of IEEE Industrial Electronics.

[2]  Frank L. Lewis,et al.  Distributed Cooperative Control of DC Microgrids , 2015, IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics.

[3]  Lexuan Meng,et al.  Hierarchical control with virtual resistance optimization for efficiency enhancement and State-of-Charge balancing in DC microgrids , 2015, 2015 IEEE First International Conference on DC Microgrids (ICDCM).

[4]  Frank L. Lewis,et al.  Distributed adaptive droop control for DC microgrids , 2014, 2014 IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition - APEC 2014.

[5]  H. Karimi,et al.  A Robust Two-Degree-of-Freedom Control Strategy for an Islanded Microgrid , 2013, IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery.

[6]  B. G. Fernandes,et al.  Distributed Control to Ensure Proportional Load Sharing and Improve Voltage Regulation in Low-Voltage DC Microgrids , 2013, IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics.

[7]  Juan C. Vasquez,et al.  Hierarchical control for multiple DC-microgrids clusters , 2014, 2014 IEEE 11th International Multi-Conference on Systems, Signals & Devices (SSD14).

[8]  Ali Davoudi,et al.  Cooperative power management in DC microgrid clusters , 2015, 2015 IEEE First International Conference on DC Microgrids (ICDCM).

[9]  Frank L. Lewis,et al.  Distributed adaptive droop control for DC distribution systems , 2016 .

[10]  Osama A. Mohammed,et al.  DC microgrids and distribution systems: An overview , 2013, 2013 IEEE Power & Energy Society General Meeting.

[11]  Juan C. Vasquez,et al.  Hierarchical Control for Multiple DC-Microgrids Clusters , 2014, IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion.

[12]  Pedro Francisco Donoso-Garcia,et al.  Distributed Secondary Level Control for Energy Storage Management in DC Microgrids , 2017, IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid.

[13]  Josep M. Guerrero,et al.  Advanced Control Architectures for Intelligent Microgrids—Part I: Decentralized and Hierarchical Control , 2013, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics.

[14]  Johan Löfberg,et al.  YALMIP : a toolbox for modeling and optimization in MATLAB , 2004 .

[15]  Peng Wang,et al.  Hierarchical Control of Hybrid Energy Storage System in DC Microgrids , 2015, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics.

[16]  Giancarlo Ferrari-Trecate,et al.  Plug-and-Play Voltage and Frequency Control of Islanded Microgrids With Meshed Topology , 2014, IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid.

[17]  Juan C. Vasquez,et al.  A Decentralized Scalable Approach to Voltage Control of DC Islanded Microgrids , 2015, IEEE Transactions on Control Systems Technology.

[18]  Dianguo Xu,et al.  An Improved Distributed Secondary Control Method for DC Microgrids With Enhanced Dynamic Current Sharing Performance , 2016, IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics.

[19]  Alireza Karimi,et al.  Fixed-order H∞ and H2 controller design for continuous-time polytopic systems: An LMI-based approach , 2013, 2013 European Control Conference (ECC).

[20]  Juan C. Vasquez,et al.  Supervisory Control of an Adaptive-Droop Regulated DC Microgrid With Battery Management Capability , 2014, IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics.

[21]  Juan C. Vasquez,et al.  Distributed consensus-based control of multiple DC-microgrids clusters , 2014, IECON 2014 - 40th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society.

[22]  Edward J. Davison,et al.  A Generalized Decentralized Robust Control of Islanded Microgrids , 2014, IEEE Transactions on Power Systems.

[23]  H. Schättler,et al.  Fast time-varying phasor analysis in the balanced three-phase large electric power system , 1995, IEEE Trans. Autom. Control..

[24]  Alireza Karimi,et al.  Fixed-order decentralized/distributed control of islanded inverter-interfaced microgrids , 2015 .

[25]  Ebrahim Farjah,et al.  Distributed charge/discharge control of energy storages in a renewable-energy-based DC micro-grid , 2014 .

[26]  J. Mahdavi,et al.  Application of state space averaging method to sliding mode control of PWM DC/DC converters , 1997, IAS '97. Conference Record of the 1997 IEEE Industry Applications Conference Thirty-Second IAS Annual Meeting.

[27]  Ali Davoudi,et al.  Distributed Tertiary Control of DC Microgrid Clusters , 2016, IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics.

[28]  Ricardo C. L. F. Oliveira,et al.  Robust state feedback LMI methods for continuous-time linear systems: Discussions, extensions and numerical comparisons , 2011, 2011 IEEE International Symposium on Computer-Aided Control System Design (CACSD).

[29]  Alireza Karimi,et al.  Plug-and-Play Voltage Stabilization in Inverter-Interfaced Microgrids via a Robust Control Strategy , 2017, IEEE Transactions on Control Systems Technology.

[30]  Alireza Karimi,et al.  Fixed-order control of LTI systems subject to polytopic uncertainty via the concept of Strictly Positive Realness , 2015, 2015 American Control Conference (ACC).

[31]  Reza Iravani,et al.  Multivariable Servomechanism Controller for Autonomous Operation of a Distributed Generation Unit: Design and Performance Evaluation , 2010, IEEE Transactions on Power Systems.

[32]  Florian Dörfler,et al.  Distributed control, load sharing, and dispatch in DC microgrids , 2015, 2015 American Control Conference (ACC).

[33]  Juan C. Vasquez,et al.  Dynamic consensus algorithm based distributed global efficiency optimization of a droop controlled DC microgrid , 2014, 2014 IEEE International Energy Conference (ENERGYCON).

[34]  R. Iravani,et al.  A Decentralized Robust Control Strategy for Multi-DER Microgrids—Part I: Fundamental Concepts , 2012, IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery.

[35]  Juan C. Vasquez,et al.  An Improved Droop Control Method for DC Microgrids Based on Low Bandwidth Communication With DC Bus Voltage Restoration and Enhanced Current Sharing Accuracy , 2014, IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics.