Determination of cardiac output by single gated pulsed Doppler echocardiography.

The aim of the study was to evaluate the use of single gated pulsed Doppler cross-sectional echocardiography for measurement of the cardiac output. Pulsed Doppler echocardiography was used to assess both area and blood velocity at the aortic orifice. Stroke volume estimates were determined by multiplying area by systolic time velocity integral as measured from the parasternal and apical approach, respectively. We investigated a group of 17 healthy individuals and a group of 20 patients with coronary artery disease. In the first group no change was found in aortic area during systole (P less than 0.01). During a follow-up of two weeks no change in aortic area was observed either (P less than 0.01). Intraobserver, interobserver and day-to-day variability of the aortic area, expressed as the coefficient of variation was 3.6 +- 5.2%, 4.6 +- 5.7% and 7.8 +- 3.8% (mean +- 1 SD), respectively. The interobserver variability of the time velocity integrals was 6.0 +- 6.2%. In the second group the cardiac output as measured with the thermodilution method ranged from 3.8 to 8.0 l/min. Comparison of the Doppler and thermodilution technique for measurement of cardiac output showed a correlation coefficient of r = 0.76 (P less than 0.001) and the following regression equation: CO (Doppler) = 1.0 x CO (thermodilution)-700 ml. The Doppler method underestimated cardiac output relative to the thermodilution method.

[1]  L L Huntsman,et al.  Noninvasive Doppler Determination of Cardiac Output in Man: Clinical Validation , 1983, Circulation.

[2]  J. Cohen,et al.  Two-dimensional echocardiographic preoperative prediction of prosthetic aortic valve size. , 1984, American heart journal.

[3]  C. McKay,et al.  Determination of cardiac output by transcutaneous continuous-wave ultrasonic Doppler computer. , 1984, The American journal of cardiology.

[4]  N. Nanda,et al.  Doppler echocardiographic measurement of cardiac output: comparison with a non-golden standard. , 1984, The American journal of cardiology.

[5]  M C Limacher,et al.  Pulsed Doppler echocardiographic determination of stroke volume and cardiac output: clinical validation of two new methods using the apical window. , 1984, Circulation.

[6]  T. Lang-Jensen,et al.  Stroke Volume Measured by Pulsed Ultrasound Doppler and M‐Mode Echocardiography , 1983, Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica.

[7]  J. Gardin,et al.  Superiority of two-dimensional measurement of aortic vessel diameter in Doppler echocardiographic estimates of left ventricular stroke volume. , 1985, Journal of the American College of Cardiology.

[8]  D J Sahn,et al.  The Effect of Variations on Pulsed Doppler Sampling Site on Calculation of Cardiac Output: An Experimental Study in Open‐chest Dogs , 1983, Circulation.

[9]  P. Peronneau,et al.  Flow in the thoracic aorta. , 1979, Cardiovascular research.

[10]  E. Greene,et al.  Comparison of noninvasive pulsed Doppler and Fick measurements of stroke volume in cardiac patients. , 1984, American heart journal.

[11]  N. Wood,et al.  Velocity patterns in the aorta. , 1971, Cardiovascular research.

[12]  S Simonsen,et al.  Determination of cardiac output by Doppler echocardiography. , 1984, British heart journal.

[13]  George A. Williams,et al.  Doppler Estimation of Cardiac Output: Principles and Pitfalls , 1987 .

[14]  A. Pearlman.  Evaluation of ventricular function using Doppler echocardiography. , 1982, The American journal of cardiology.

[15]  M. Anliker,et al.  A comparison between single gate and multigate ultrasonic Doppler measurements for the assessment of the velocity pattern in the human ascending aorta. , 1984, European heart journal.

[16]  J. MacKenzie,et al.  Method of assessing the reproducibility of blood flow measurement: factors influencing the performance of thermodilution cardiac output computers. , 1986, British heart journal.