A mathematical model of a hermetically sealed lead-acid cell

Abstract A mathematical model of a hermetically sealed lead-acid cell is presented. The model was used to study the effect of having an excess negative electrode and the transport rate of oxygen across the separator on the oxygen evolution at the positive (PbO2) electrode and the reduction of oxygen at the negative (Pb) electrode during charge and overcharge. Results from the model showed that sufficient transport rate of oxygen across the separator is the key to successful operation of a sealed lead-acid cell. Consequently, a separator with optimal characteristics for oxygen transport must be considered in the design of hermetically sealed lead-acid cells.