Probability and statistics for engineering and the sciences

1. OVERVIEW AND DESCRIPTIVE STATISTICS. Populations, Samples, and Processes. Pictorial and Tabular Methods in Descriptive Statistics. Measures of Location. Measures of Variability. 2. PROBABILITY. Sample Spaces and Events. Axioms, Interpretations, and Properties of Probability. Counting Techniques. Conditional Probability. Independence. 3. DISCRETE RANDOM VARIABLES AND PROBABILITY DISTRIBUTIONS. Random Variables. Probability Distributions for Discrete Random Variables. Expected Values of Discrete Random Variables. The Binomial Probability Distribution. Hypergeometric and Negative Binomial Distributions. The Poisson Probability Distribution. 4. CONTINUOUS RANDOM VARIABLES AND PROBABILITY DISTRIBUTIONS. Continuous Random Variables and Probability Density Functions. Cumulative Distribution Functions and Expected Values. The Normal Distribution. The Exponential and Gamma Distribution. Other Continuous Distributions. Probability Plots. 5. JOINT PROBABILITY DISTRIBUTIONS AND RANDOM SAMPLES. Jointly Distributed Random Variables. Expected Values, Covariance, and Correlation. Statistics and Their Distributions. The Distribution of the Sample Mean. The Distribution of a Linear Combination. 6. POINT ESTIMATION. Some General Concepts of Point Estimation. Methods of Point Estimation. 7. STATISTICAL INTERVALS BASED ON A SINGLE SAMPLE. Basic Properties of Confidence Intervals. Large-Sample Confidence Intervals for a Population Mean and Proportion. Intervals Based on a Normal Population Distribution. Confidence Intervals for the Variance and Standard Deviation of a Normal Population. 8. TESTS OF HYPOTHESES BASED ON A SINGLE SAMPLE. Hypothesis and Test Procedures. Tests About a Population Mean. Tests Concerning a Population Proportion. P-Values. Some Comments on Selecting a Test. 9. INFERENCES BASED ON TWO SAMPLES. z Tests and Confidence Intervals for a Difference Between Two Population Means. The Two-Sample t Test and Confidence Interval. Analysis of Paired Data. Inferences Concerning a Difference Between Population Proportions. Inferences Concerning Two Population Variances. 10. THE ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE. Single-Factor ANOVA. Multiple Comparisons in ANOVA. More on Single-Factor ANOVA. 11. MULTIFACTOR ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE. Two-Factor ANOVA with Kij = 1. Two-Factor ANOVA with Kij > 1. Three-Factor ANOVA. 2p Factorial Experiments. 12. SIMPLE LINEAR REGRESSION AND CORRELATION. The Simple Linear Regression Model. Estimating Model Parameters. Inferences About the Slope Parameter a1. Inferences Concerning Y-x* and the Prediction of Future Y Values. Correlation. 13. NONLINEAR AND MULTIPLE REGRESSION. Aptness of the Model and Model Checking. Regression with Transformed Variables. Polynomial Regression. Multiple Regression Analysis. Other Issues in Multiple Regression. 14. GOODNESS-OF-FIT TESTS AND CATEGORICAL DATA ANALYSIS. Goodness-of-Fit Tests When Category Probabilities are Completely Specified. Goodness of Fit for Composite Hypotheses. Two-Way Contingency Tables. 15. DISTRIBUTION-FREE PROCEDURES. The Wilcoxon Signed-Rank Test. The Wilcoxon Rank-Sum Test. Distribution-Free Confidence Intervals. Distribution-Free ANOVA. 16. QUALITY CONTROL METHODS. General Comments on Control Charts. Control Charts fort Process Location. Control Charts for Process Variation. Control Charts for Attributes. CUSUM Procedures. Acceptance Sampling. APPENDIX TABLES. Cumulative Binomial Probabilities. Cumulative Poisson Probabilities. Standard Normal Curve Areas. The Incomplete Gamma Function. Critical Values for t Distributions. Tolerance Critical Values for Normal Population Distributions. Critical Values for Chi-Squared Distributions. t Curve Tail Areas. Critical Values for F Distributions. Critical Values for Studentized Range Distributions. Chi-Squared Curve Tail Areas. Critical Values for the Ryan-Joiner Test of Normality. Critical Values for the Wilcoxon Signed-Rank Test. Critical Values for the Wilcoxon Rank-Sum Test. Critical Values for the Wilcoxon Signed-Rank Interval. Critical Values for the Wilcoxon Rank-Sum Interval. a Curves for t Tests. Answers to Odd-Numbered Exercises. Index.