Modelling sea-salt transport and deposition in marine atmosphere zone : A tool for corrosion studies

Abstract Atmospheric corrosion of metals and corrosion of reinforcements in concrete structures are influenced by salt concentration of marine aerosol inland. This work presents a model that represents marine aerosol behaviour in marine atmosphere zone. The model has the distance from the sea and wind speed as the major variables and takes into account changes in marine aerosol due to settlement of salts when being transported inland. The proposed equations M = M 0 e ( v dep 0 / α h ) [ e ( - α x / v ) - 1 ] , D = D 0 e ( v dep 0 / α h ) [ e ( - α x / v ) - 1 ] show good consistency with literature data and well represent the results obtained. This model can be a useful tool to indicate the salinity level expected at different distances from sea in marine atmosphere zone.

[1]  G. Leeuw,et al.  Formation and production of sea spray aerosol , 1996 .

[2]  P. A. Tanner,et al.  Wind-dependent sea salt aerosol in a Western Pacific coastal area , 2004 .

[3]  J. Piazzola,et al.  Contribution of marine aerosols in the particle size distributions observed in Mediterranean coastal zone , 1997 .

[4]  Jin Wu,et al.  Simultaneous measurements of spray and sea salt , 1992 .

[5]  R. F. Lovett,et al.  Quantitative measurement of airborne sea‐salt in the North Atlantic , 1978 .

[6]  M. J. ten Harkel,et al.  The effects of particle-size distribution and chloride depletion of sea-salt aerosols on estimating atmospheric deposition at a coastal site. , 1997 .

[7]  R. L. McDonald,et al.  Estimation of atmospheric sea salt dry deposition: Wind speed and particle size dependence , 1982 .

[8]  Ivan S. Cole,et al.  Holistic model for atmospheric corrosion Part 1 - Theoretical framework for production, transportation and deposition of marine salts , 2003 .

[9]  W. A. Mckay,et al.  The characteristics of the shore-line sea spray aerosol and the landward transfer of radionuclides discharged to coastal sea water , 1994 .

[10]  M. H. Smith,et al.  Marine aerosol, sea-salt, and the marine sulphur cycle: a short review , 1997 .

[11]  T. Petelski,et al.  Sea salt emission from the coastal zone , 2000 .

[12]  J. W. Fitzgerald,et al.  Marine aerosols: A review , 1991 .

[13]  John Latham,et al.  The production and dispersal of marine aerosol , 2007 .

[14]  I. J. Padaratz,et al.  Salinity of marine aerosols in a Brazilian coastal area : Influence of wind regime , 2007 .

[15]  H. R. Ambler,et al.  CORROSION OF METALS IN THE TROPICS , 2007 .

[16]  H. Moon,et al.  Salinity distribution of seashore concrete structures in Korea , 2006 .

[17]  Tomasz Petelski,et al.  Marine aerosol fluxes in the coastal zone - BAEX experimental data , 1996 .

[18]  K. M. Yusof,et al.  Atmospheric chloride penetration into concrete in semitropical marine environment , 1994 .

[19]  M. Morcillo,et al.  Salinity in marine atmospheric corrosion: Its dependence on the wind regime existing in the site , 2000 .

[20]  Thomas A. McMahon,et al.  Empirical atmospheric deposition parameters—A survey , 1979 .

[21]  M. R. Kulkarni,et al.  Sea Salt in Coastal Air and its Deposition on Porcelain Insulators , 1982 .

[22]  M. Gustafsson,et al.  Dry deposition and concentration of marine aerosols in a coastal area, SW Sweden , 1996 .

[23]  Carmen Andrade,et al.  Chloride penetration into concrete structures in the marine atmosphere zone – Relationship between deposition of chlorides on the wet candle and chlorides accumulated into concrete , 2007 .

[24]  M. Morcillo,et al.  Effect of Distance from Sea on Atmospheric Corrosion Rate , 1999 .

[25]  E. Eriksson.  The Yearly Circulation of Chloride and Sulfur in Nature; Meteorological, Geochemical and Pedological Implications. Part II , 1959 .

[26]  Fulvio Zezza,et al.  Marine aerosol and stone decay , 1995 .

[27]  Jean-Pierre Blanchet,et al.  Modeling sea-salt aerosols in the atmosphere 1. Model development , 1997 .

[28]  Manuel Morcillo,et al.  Effect of marine aerosol on atmospheric corrosion , 1999 .

[29]  I. Cole,et al.  Holistic model for atmospheric corrosion Part 5 – Factors controlling deposition of salt aerosol on candles, plates and buildings , 2004 .

[30]  F. Corvo,et al.  THE INFLUENCE OF AIRBORNE SALINITY ON THE ATMOSPHERIC CORROSION OF STEEL , 1995 .

[31]  C. Alonso,et al.  Efecto de la distancia al mar en la agresividad por cloruros en estructuras de hormigón en la costa brasileña , 2003 .

[32]  A. H. Woodcock.  SALT NUCLEI IN MARINE AIR AS A FUNCTION OF ALTITUDE AND WIND FORCE , 1953 .

[33]  A. Gadgil,et al.  The Effect of Steady Winds on Radon-222 Entry from soil into houses , 1996 .