Abstract Software bugs and their manifestations are of concern in real-time systems such as communications systems. The reliability modeling of these systems has generally defined hardware performance models in great detail but only specified an estimate for the software performance. Software reliability modeling is usually based on the number of software bugs and not based on bug manifestations. The ultimate service provided by communications systems is dependent upon the level of criticality of bug manifestations and the frequency of occurrence of these manifestations. This paper discusses the current trend for the qualification and quantification of communications systems performance with emphasis on software bug manifestations.
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