论文信息 - The new APD-Based Readout of the Crystal Barrel Calorimeter -- An Overview - 字舞流文

The new APD-Based Readout of the Crystal Barrel Calorimeter -- An Overview

The Crystal Barrel is an electromagnetic calorimeter consisting of 1380 CsI(Tl) scintillators, and is currently installed at the CBELSA/TAPS experiment where it is used to detect decay products from photoproduction of mesons. The readout of the Crystal Barrel has been upgraded in order to integrate the detector into the first level of the trigger and to increase its sensitivity for neutral final states. The new readout uses avalanche photodiodes in the front-end and a dual back-end with branches optimized for energy and time measurement, respectively. An FPGA-based cluster finder processes the whole hit pattern within less than 100 ns. The important downside of APDs -- the temperature dependence of their gain -- is handled with a temperature stabilization and a compensating bias voltage supply. Additionally, a light pulser system allows the APDs' gains to be measured during beamtimes.

J. Schultes | H. Dutz | M. Urban | B. Krusche | U. Wiedner | Florian Taubert | W. Erni | I. Keshelashvili | U. Thoma | M. Steinacher | R. Beck | P. Mahlberg | C. Schmidt | D. Walther | C. Wendel | V. Metag | M. Nanova | H. Zaunick | V. Crede | J. Hartmann | F. Afzal | A. Thiel | T. Jude | M. Lang | P. Hoffmeister | Y. Wunderlich | B. Salisbury | S. Runkel | H. Schmieden | J. Bieling | M. Lang | C. Honisch | J. Mullers | F. Frommberger | K. Brinkmann | Ben Salisbury | D. Elsner | M. Urban | W. Meyer | T. Seifen | D. Schaab | F. Kalischewski | F. Muller | P. Klassen | S. Ciupka | M. Gruner | N. Stausberg | G. Urff | C. C. C. Honisch | E. Fix | P. Kronert | B. Otto | L. Richter | F. Taubert | D. Walther | J. M¨ullers | Philipp Hoﬀmeister | M. Gr¨uner | Florian Kalischewski | Philipp Kr¨onert | Fabian M¨uller | M. Nanova | Benedikt Otto | Lisa Richter | J. Schultes | Nils Stausberg | G. Urﬀ

[1] J. Hernández-Cordero,et al. Avalanche Photodiodes , 2021, Field Guide to Optoelectronics and Photonics.

[2] J. Schultes,et al. Observation of the pη^{'} Cusp in the New Precise Beam Asymmetry Σ Data for γp→pη. , 2020, Physical review letters.

[3] Y. Wunderlich. The complete experiment problem of pseudoscalar meson photoproduction in a truncated partial wave analysis , 2020, 2008.00514.

[4] Pawel Marciniewski,et al. Adaption of an FPGA-based Sampling-ADC for the Crystal Barrel Calorimeter , 2018 .

[5] S. Runkel. A New Continuous 4π-Frozen-Spin-Target for the Crystal Barrel Experiment , 2018 .

[6] R. Beck,et al. Determining the dominant partial wave contributions from angular distributions of single- and double-polarization observables in pseudoscalar meson photoproduction , 2016, 1611.01031.

[7] A. Thiel. Recent Results from the CBELSA/TAPS Experiment at ELSA , 2016 .

[8] B. Krusche,et al. Development of Low-Noise / Low-Power Preamplifier for the Readout of Inorganic Scintillators and their Mass Production Test System , 2015 .

[9] Jim Euchner. Design , 2014, Catalysis from A to Z.

[10] L. Pant,et al. Linearly polarised photon beams at ELSA and measurement of the beam asymmetry in $ \pi^{0}_{}$ photoproduction off the proton , 2008, 0810.1849.

[11] Wolfgang Hillert,et al. The Bonn Electron Stretcher Accelerator ELSA: Past and future , 2006 .

[12] A. Jankowiak. The Mainz Microtron MAMI --Past and future , 2006 .

[13] J. Kotoku,et al. Recent progress of avalanche photodiodes in high-resolution X-rays and γ-rays detection , 2005 .

[14] G. Anton,et al. A scintillating fibre detector for the Crystal Barrel experiment at ELSA , 2005 .

[15] Holger Flemming. Entwurf und Aufbau eines Zellularlogik-Triggers für das Crystal-Barrel-Experiment an der Elektronenbeschleunigeranlage ELSA , 2003 .

[16] M. Moszynski,et al. Avalanche photodiodes in scintillation detection , 2003 .

[17] A. Bondar,et al. A detailed test of the CsI(Tl) calorimeter for BELLE with photon beams of energy between 20-MeV and 5.4-GeV , 2000 .

[18] J. P. Pansart,et al. AVALANCHE PHOTODIODES FOR PARTICLE DETECTION , 1997 .

[19] Claude Amsler,et al. The crystal barrel spectrometer at LEAR , 1992 .

[20] W. Graham Richards,et al. Art of electronics , 1983, Nature.

[21] M E Phelps,et al. Semiconductor detector systems. , 1973, Seminars in nuclear medicine.

[22] S. L. Miller. Avalanche Breakdown in Germanium , 1955 .

[23] M. Kube,et al. Measurement of the helicity asymmetry E for the reaction γ p → π 0 p : The CBELSA/TAPS Collaboration. , 2021, The European physical journal. A, Hadrons and nuclei.

[24] U. Thoma,et al. Spectroscopy of baryon resonances , 2017 .

[25] Reinhard D. Beck,et al. Timing and tracking for the Crystal Barrel detector , 2017 .

[26] V. Crede. Light baryon spectroscopy , 2012 .

[27] Kathrin Fornet-Ponse. Die Photonenmarkierungsanlage für das Crystal-Barrel/TAPS-Experiment an ELSA , 2009 .

[28] R. Novotny. The BaF-2 photon spectrometer TAPS , 1992 .

[29] R. Novot. The BaF2 Photon Spectrometer TAPS , 1991 .

[30] R. Wigmans. Calorimetry in High Energy Physics , 1991 .