Impact pressures in plunge basins due to vertical falling jets

Dams with overfall crests or high-level sluices produce near-vertical water jets whose energy can be dissipated in concrete-lined plunge basins. In order to design such basins it is necessary to have information on the mean and fluctuating pressures acting on the floor slabs. This experimental study investigated how the impact pressures produced by a vertical rectangular jet vary with velocity, water depth and amount of air within the jet.