BioInitiative Report: A Rationale for a Biologically-based Public Exposure Standard for Electromagnetic Fields (ELF and RF)

[1]  U Proske,et al.  Responses of electroreceptors in the platypus bill to steady and alternating potentials. , 1989, The Journal of physiology.

[2]  G. Maestroni,et al.  Therapeutic potential of melatonin in immunodeficiency states, viral diseases, and cancer. , 1999, Advances in experimental medicine and biology.

[3]  E A Dratz,et al.  The molecular mechanism of visual excitation and its relation to the structure and composition of the rod outer segment. , 1987, Annual review of physiology.

[4]  J. Rosiak,et al.  Melatonin as a hydroxyl radical scavenger , 1998, Journal of pineal research.

[5]  E. Taylor,et al.  SOME EFFECTS OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION ON THE BRAIN AND SPINAL CORD OF CATS * , 1975, Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences.

[6]  Emanuel Landau Biological Effects and Health Hazards of Microwave Radiation, Proceedings on an International Symposium, October, 1973 , 1975 .

[7]  D A Newsome,et al.  Light suppresses melatonin secretion in humans. , 1980, Science.

[8]  J. Medina,et al.  Cholinergic muscarinic receptors in rat cerebral cortex, basal ganglia and cerebellum undergo rapid and reversible changes after acute stress , 1984, Neuroscience.

[9]  P Conti,et al.  Effects of electromagnetic fields produced by radiotelevision broadcasting stations on the immune system of women. , 2001, The Science of the total environment.

[10]  L. D. Reid,et al.  Modulation of ethanol-intake by morphine: evidence for a central site of action. , 1990, Life sciences.

[11]  S. Shiu,et al.  The effects of melatonin and Ginkgo biloba extract on memory loss and choline acetyltransferase activities in the brain of rats infused intracerebroventricularly with beta-amyloid 1-40. , 2002, Life sciences.

[12]  J. H. Merritt,et al.  Thermal and physiological responses of rats exposed to 2.45-GHz radiofrequency radiation: A comparison of E and H orientation , 1989, Radiation and environmental biophysics.

[13]  James C. Lin,et al.  Biological Effects and Health Implications of Radiofrequency Radiation , 1987 .

[14]  S. Rapoport,et al.  Absence of microwave effect on blood-brain barrier permeability to [14C]sucrose in the conscious rat , 1982, Experimental Neurology.

[15]  R. Mcafee,et al.  Physiological effects of thermode and microwave stimulation of peripheral nerves , 1962 .

[16]  C. Braestrup,et al.  Pharmacological characterization of benzodiazepine receptors in the brain. , 1978, European journal of pharmacology.

[17]  S. Rapoport,et al.  Local cerebral blood flow after microwave exposure , 1981, Brain Research.

[18]  Peter Kan,et al.  Cellular phone use and brain tumor: a meta-analysis , 2007, Journal of Neuro-Oncology.

[19]  L. Thal,et al.  The role of cholinergic projections from the nucleus basalis in memory , 1991, Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews.

[20]  H. Lai,et al.  Research on the neurological effects of nonionizing radiation at the University of Washington. , 1992, Bioelectromagnetics.

[21]  M Kietzmann,et al.  In vivo exposure of rats to a weak alternating magnetic field increases ornithine decarboxylase activity in the mammary gland by a similar extent as the carcinogen DMBA. , 1995, Cancer letters.

[22]  Kari Tokola,et al.  Meta-analysis of mobile phone use and intracranial tumors. , 2006, Scandinavian journal of work, environment & health.

[23]  James Wilsdon,et al.  See-Through Science : Why Public Engagement Needs to Move Upstream , 2004 .

[24]  J. K. Grayson,et al.  Radiation exposure, socioeconomic status, and brain tumor risk in the US Air Force: a nested case-control study. , 1996, American journal of epidemiology.

[25]  Lars-Erik Edqvist,et al.  Antimicrobials as growth promoters : resistance to common sense , 2002 .

[26]  E Ishii,et al.  Breakage and fusion of the TEL (ETV6) gene in immature B lymphocytes induced by apoptogenic signals. , 2001, Blood.

[27]  M. Dosemeci,et al.  Potential occupational risks for neurodegenerative diseases. , 2005, American journal of industrial medicine.

[28]  S. Milham,et al.  Mortality in workers exposed to electromagnetic fields. , 1985, Environmental health perspectives.

[29]  J. Jauchem,et al.  Increased susceptibility to radiofrequency radiation due to pharmacological agents. , 1984, Aviation, space, and environmental medicine.

[30]  Konrad Hungerbühler,et al.  Measures of overall persistence and the temporal remote state. , 2004, Environmental science & technology.

[31]  J Brix,et al.  Measurement of the individual exposure to 50 and 16 2/3 Hz magnetic fields within the Bavarian population. , 2001, Bioelectromagnetics.

[32]  J. D. Lorge Operant behavior and rectal temperature of squirrel monkeys during 2.45‐GHz microwave irradiation , 1979 .

[33]  Henry Lai,et al.  Sodium-dependent, high-affinity choline uptake in hippocampus and frontal cortex of the rat affected by acute restraint stress , 1986, Brain Research.

[34]  S. Schwartz,et al.  Childhood brain tumor occurrence in relation to residential power line configurations, electric heating sources, and electric appliance use. , 1996, American journal of epidemiology.

[35]  B. Leonard,et al.  Rodent models of alcoholism: a review. , 1989, Alcohol and alcoholism.

[36]  R. Reiter,et al.  Cyclic 3-Hydroxymelatonin: A Melatonin Metabolite Generated as a Result of Hydroxyl Radical Scavenging , 1999, Neurosignals.

[37]  H. Anisman,et al.  Acute exposure to pulsed microwaves affects neither pentylenetetrazol seizures in the rat nor chlordiazepoxide protection against such seizures. , 1983, Radiation research.

[38]  D. House,et al.  Effects of ELF (1-120 Hz) and modulated (50 Hz) RF fields on the efflux of calcium ions from brain tissue in vitro. , 1985, Bioelectromagnetics.

[39]  C. Tseng,et al.  A case-control study of occupational magnetic field exposure and Alzheimer's disease: results from the California Alzheimer's Disease Diagnosis and Treatment Centers , 2007, BMC neurology.

[40]  R. Hayes,et al.  Occupation and risk for testicular cancer: a case-control study. , 1990, International journal of epidemiology.

[41]  David Gee,et al.  Children's environmental health and the precautionary principle. , 2007, International journal of hygiene and environmental health.

[42]  O. Mowrer A stimulus-response analysis of anxiety and its role as a reinforcing agent. , 1939 .

[43]  J. Reif,et al.  Residential exposure to magnetic fields and risk of canine lymphoma. , 1995, American journal of epidemiology.

[44]  J. C. Lin,et al.  Microwave hyperthermia-induced blood-brain barrier alterations. , 1982, Radiation research.

[45]  D. Hjeresen,et al.  Microwave attenuation of ethanol-induced interactions with noradrenergic neurotransmitter systems. , 1989, Health physics.

[46]  Vijayalaxmi,et al.  Melatonin and protection from whole-body irradiation: survival studies in mice. , 1999, Mutation research.

[47]  D. McRee,et al.  Influence of 2.45 GHz microwave radiation on enzyme activity , 1981, Radiation and environmental biophysics.

[48]  Francine Laden,et al.  Epidemiology of urinary melatonin in women and its relation to other hormones and night work. , 2004, Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology.

[49]  M. Greaves,et al.  Prenatal origin of acute lymphoblastic leukaemia in children , 1999, The Lancet.

[50]  E. Albert,et al.  Effect of nonionizing radiation on the Purkinje cells of the uvula in squirrel monkey cerebellum. , 1981, Bioelectromagnetics.

[51]  U Wahnschaffe,et al.  Effects of weak alternating magnetic fields on nocturnal melatonin production and mammary carcinogenesis in rats. , 1994, Oncology.

[52]  Tore Tynes,et al.  Use of mobile phones in Norway and risk of intracranial tumours , 2007, European journal of cancer prevention : the official journal of the European Cancer Prevention Organisation.

[53]  W. R. Adey,et al.  EFFECTS OF MODULATED VHF FIELDS ON THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM * , 1975, Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences.

[54]  A. Guy,et al.  Effects of Electromagnetic Fields on Isolated Nerve and Muscle Preparations , 1978 .

[55]  I. Gordon,et al.  Cancer incidence and mortality and proximity to TV towers , 1996, The Medical journal of Australia.

[56]  Leeka Kheifets,et al.  Developing Policy in the Face of Scientific Uncertainty: Interpreting 0.3 μT or 0.4 μT Cutpoints from EMF Epidemiologic Studies , 2005, Risk analysis : an official publication of the Society for Risk Analysis.

[57]  A. Guy,et al.  Microwave-induced auditory responses in guinea pigs: Relationship of threshold and microwave-pulse duration , 1979 .

[58]  David Couper,et al.  Electromagnetic fields, polychlorinated biphenyls, and prostate cancer mortality in electric utility workers. , 2003, American journal of epidemiology.

[59]  Joachim Schüz,et al.  IMPLICATIONS FROM EPIDEMIOLOGIC STUDIES ON MAGNETIC FIELDS AND THE RISK OF CHILDHOOD LEUKEMIA ON PROTECTION GUIDELINES , 2007, Health physics.

[60]  Eero Pukkala,et al.  Magnetic fields of high voltage power lines and risk of cancer in Finnish adults: nationwide cohort study , 1996, BMJ.

[61]  J. Altman,et al.  Effects of interference with cerebellar maturation on the development of locomotion. An experimental model of neurobehavioral retardation. , 1975, UCLA forum in medical sciences.

[62]  J. C. Lin,et al.  Cerebrovascular permeability to 86Rb in the rat after exposure to pulsed microwaves. , 1984, Bioelectromagnetics.

[63]  E Cardis,et al.  Validation of short term recall of mobile phone use for the Interphone study , 2006, Occupational and Environmental Medicine.

[64]  S. Dutta,et al.  Microwave radiation-induced calcium ion efflux from human neuroblastoma cells in culture. , 1984, Bioelectromagnetics.

[65]  B. Winblad,et al.  Occupational Exposure to Electromagnetic Fields and Risk of Alzheimer's Disease , 2004, Epidemiology.

[66]  J. De Lorge,et al.  Observing-responses of rats exposed to 1.28- and 5.62-GHz microwaves. , 1980, Bioelectromagnetics.

[67]  Vijayalaxmi,et al.  Melatonin protects human blood lymphocytes from radiation-induced chromosome damage. , 1995, Mutation research.

[68]  M. G. Shandala,et al.  Study of nonionizing microwave radiation effects upon the central nervous system and behavior reactions. , 1979, Environmental health perspectives.

[69]  E. Albert,et al.  Morphological changes in cerebellum of neonatal rats exposed to 2.45 GHz microwaves. , 1988, Progress in clinical and biological research.

[70]  J. R. Hughes Multidisciplinary perspectives in event-related brain potential research , 1980 .

[71]  H. Wachtel,et al.  Case-control study of childhood cancer and exposure to 60-Hz magnetic fields. , 1988, American journal of epidemiology.

[72]  MichelP. Coleman,et al.  LEUKAEMIA INCIDENCE IN ELECTRICAL WORKERS , 1983, The Lancet.

[73]  Stanislaw Szmigielski,et al.  Analysis of Cancer Morbidity in Polish Career Military Personnel Exposed Occupationally to Radiofrequency and Microwave Radiation , 1999 .

[74]  A. H. Frey,et al.  Avoidance by rats of illumination with low power nonionizing electromagnetic energy. , 1975, Journal of comparative and physiological psychology.

[75]  M. Greaves Infection, immune responses and the aetiology of childhood leukaemia , 2006, Nature Reviews Cancer.

[76]  J. W. Howland,et al.  Physiologic aspects of microwave irradiation of mammals. , 1961, The American journal of physiology.

[77]  A. Guy,et al.  Microwave-Induced Post-Exposure Hypertherrnia: Involvement of Endogenous Opioids and Serotonin , 1984 .

[78]  Cellular Telephone Use and Cancer Risk , 2008 .

[79]  M. Saraste,et al.  FEBS Lett , 2000 .

[80]  H. Schwan,et al.  Effects of modulated RF energy on the EEG of mammalian brains , 1979, Radiation and environmental biophysics.

[81]  R. Reiter,et al.  An assessment of the antioxidant and the antiamyloidogenic properties of melatonin: implications for Alzheimer's disease , 2000, Journal of Neural Transmission.

[82]  B Claustrat,et al.  [Video screen exposure and 6-sulfatoxymelatonin urinary excretion in women]. , 2003, Pathologie-biologie.

[83]  C. Robinette,et al.  Effects upon health of occupational exposure to microwave radiation (radar). , 1980, American journal of epidemiology.

[84]  S. Milham,et al.  Mortality from leukemia in workers exposed to electrical and magnetic fields. , 1982, The New England journal of medicine.

[85]  Allan Mazur True Warnings and False Alarms: Evaluating Fears about the Health Risks of Technology, 1948-1971 , 2004 .

[86]  A. Guy,et al.  Effects of low-level microwave irradiation on hippocampal and frontal cortical choline uptake are classically conditionable , 1987, Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior.

[87]  D Wartenberg,et al.  Residential EMF exposure and childhood leukemia: meta-analysis and population attributable risk. , 2001, Bioelectromagnetics.

[88]  S. Siegel,et al.  Morphine tolerance acquisition as an associative process. , 1977, Journal of experimental psychology. Animal behavior processes.

[89]  Paolo Vineis,et al.  A self-fulfilling prophecy: are we underestimating the role of the environment in gene-environment interaction research? , 2004, International journal of epidemiology.

[90]  J. Bielski Bioelectrical Brain Activity in Workers Exposed to Electromagnetic Fields , 1994, Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences.

[91]  Leeka Kheifets,et al.  Public Health Impact of Extremely Low-Frequency Electromagnetic Fields , 2006, Environmental health perspectives.

[92]  L. Duffy,et al.  Melatonin reduces interleukin secretion in amyloid-beta stressed mouse brain slices. , 2001, Chemico-biological interactions.

[93]  P. Seeman,et al.  The effects of long-term ethanol on brain receptors for dopamine, acetylcholine, serotonin and noradrenaline. , 1980, European journal of pharmacology.

[94]  H. Ebelt,et al.  Scavenging effect of melatonin on hydroxyl radicals generated by alloxan , 2000, Journal of pineal research.

[95]  Larry E. Anderson Extremely low frequency fields and cancer: laboratory studies , 1998 .

[96]  M Feychting,et al.  Occupational magnetic field exposure among women in Stockholm County, Sweden , 2004, Occupational and Environmental Medicine.

[97]  M. Kuhar,et al.  Utilization of sodium-dependent high affinity choline uptake in vitro as a measure of the activity of cholinergic neurons in vivo. , 1975, Life sciences.

[98]  T. Litovitz,et al.  Myocardial protection conferred by electromagnetic fields. , 1999, Circulation.

[99]  E. Sobel,et al.  Electromagnetic field exposure may cause increased production of amyloid beta and eventually lead to Alzheimer's disease , 1996, Neurology.

[100]  Vijayalaxmi,et al.  Melatonin: possible mechanisms involved in its 'radioprotective' effect. , 1998, Mutation research.

[101]  C. Blackman,et al.  Radiofrequency radiation-induced calcium ion efflux enhancement from human and other neuroblastoma cells in culture. , 1989, Bioelectromagnetics.

[102]  D. House,et al.  The influence of temperature during electric- and magnetic-field-induced alteration of calcium-ion release from in vitro brain tissue. , 1991, Bioelectromagnetics.

[103]  K. H. Mild,et al.  Mammary tumours in Sprague-Dawley rats after initiation with DMBA followed by exposure to 50 Hz electromagnetic fields in a promotional scheme. , 1998, Cancer letters.

[104]  R. M. Moresco,et al.  Effect of chronic ethanol treatment on dopamine receptor subtypes in rat striatum , 1988, Brain Research.

[105]  Robert Tibshirani,et al.  Childhood leukemia and personal monitoring of residential exposures to electric and magnetic fields in Ontario, Canada , 1999, Cancer Causes & Control.

[106]  R. Galamboš,et al.  Cochlear microphonics generated by microwave pulses. , 1975, The Journal of microwave power.

[107]  J. Mejía-Aranguré,et al.  Magnetic Fields and Acute Leukemia in Children With Down Syndrome , 2007, Epidemiology.

[108]  L. S. Kinney,et al.  Multiple power-density windows and their possible origin. , 1989, Bioelectromagnetics.

[109]  E. Preston,et al.  Permeability of the blood-brain barrier to mannitol in the rat following 2450 MHz microwave irradiation , 1979, Brain Research.

[110]  E. Albert,et al.  Effect of nonionizing radiation on the Purkinje cells of the rat cerebellum. , 1981, Bioelectromagnetics.

[111]  J. C. Lin,et al.  Microwave-induced changes in nerve cells: effects of modulation and temperature. , 1985, Bioelectromagnetics.

[112]  Chang-Ju Kim,et al.  Melatonin attenuates amyloid beta25–35-induced apoptosis in mouse microglial BV2 cells , 2005, Neuroscience Letters.

[113]  U Proske,et al.  The central projection of electrosensory information in the platypus. , 1992, The Journal of physiology.

[114]  Jack Siemiatycki,et al.  Risk Factors For Cancer In The Workplace , 1991 .

[115]  J. M. Padilla,et al.  Thermal and physiological changes in rats exposed to CW and pulsed 2.8 GHz radiofrequency radiation in E and H orientations. , 1989, International journal of radiation biology.

[116]  G Peiker,et al.  Nocturnal urinary 6‐sulphatoxymelatonin excretion is decreased in primary breast cancer patients compared to age‐matched controls and shows negative correlation with tumor‐size , 1997, Journal of pineal research.

[117]  Eleanor R. Adair,et al.  Microwaves and thermoregulation , 1983 .

[118]  A. Guy,et al.  Low-level microwave irradiation attenuates naloxone-induced withdrawal syndrome in morphine-dependent rats , 1986, Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior.

[119]  S. Michaelson,et al.  Effect of 2450 MHz microwave energy on the blood-brain barrier to hydrophilic molecules. D. Brain temperature and blood-brain barrier permeability to hydrophilic tracers , 1984, Brain Research Reviews.

[120]  B. Armstrong,et al.  Association between exposure to pulsed electromagnetic fields and cancer in electric utility workers in Quebec, Canada, and France. , 1994, American journal of epidemiology.

[121]  K. H. Mild,et al.  Ionizing radiation, cellular telephones and the risk for brain tumours , 2001, European journal of cancer prevention : the official journal of the European Cancer Prevention Organisation.

[122]  M Dosemeci,et al.  Occupational risk factors for breast cancer among women in Shanghai. , 1998, American journal of industrial medicine.

[123]  S Lagorio,et al.  Mortality of plastic-ware workers exposed to radiofrequencies. , 1997, Bioelectromagnetics.

[124]  Zheng Feng,et al.  Beneficial effects of melatonin in experimental models of Alzheimer disease , 2006, Acta Pharmacologica Sinica.

[125]  R. Reiter,et al.  The pineal hormone melatonin inhibits DNA-adduct formation induced by the chemical carcinogen safrole in vivo. , 1993, Cancer letters.

[126]  B Frangione,et al.  Melatonin reverses the profibrillogenic activity of apolipoprotein E4 on the Alzheimer amyloid Abeta peptide. , 2001, Biochemistry.

[127]  W. Joines,et al.  The effect of microwave radiation (1.0 GHz) on the blood‐brain barrier in dogs , 1982 .

[128]  A. Fleming,et al.  Childhood leukaemia , 1991, The Lancet.

[129]  G. Thuróczy,et al.  Occupational 50 Hz magnetic field exposure measurements among female sewing machine operators in Hungary , 2006, Bioelectromagnetics.

[130]  S A Small,et al.  Plasma amyloid beta-peptide 1-42 and incipient Alzheimer's disease. , 1999, Annals of neurology.

[131]  R. Hoover,et al.  Brain tumor mortality risk among men with electrical and electronics jobs: a case-control study. , 1987, Journal of the National Cancer Institute.

[132]  I. Antolín,et al.  Antioxidative protection in a high‐melatonin organism: The dinoflagellate Gonyaulax polyedra is rescued from lethal oxidative stress by strongly elevated, but physiologically possible concentrations of melatonin , 1997, Journal of pineal research.

[133]  A. B. Hill,et al.  Principles of Medical Statistics , 1950, The Indian Medical Gazette.

[134]  J. Reif,et al.  Occupational exposure to magnetic fields in case-referent studies of neurodegenerative diseases. , 2002, Scandinavian journal of work, environment & health.

[135]  I. Antolín,et al.  Melatonin increases gene expression for antioxidant enzymes in rat brain cortex , 1998, Journal of pineal research.

[136]  F. L. D. Silva,et al.  EEG analysis: Theory and Practice , 1998 .

[137]  D A Savitz,et al.  Breast cancer mortality among female electrical workers in the United States. , 1994, Journal of the National Cancer Institute.

[138]  V. Srinivasan,et al.  Melatonin in Alzheimer's disease and other neurodegenerative disorders , 2006, Behavioral and Brain Functions.

[139]  O. Gandhi,et al.  Behavioral effects of chronic exposure to 0.5 mW/cm2 of 2,450-MHz microwaves. , 1987, Bioelectromagnetics.

[140]  W. Wright,et al.  LEUKAEMIA IN WORKERS EXPOSED TO ELECTRICAL AND MAGNETIC FIELDS , 1982, The Lancet.

[141]  Maria Feychting,et al.  Occupational magnetic fields and female breast cancer: a case-control study using Swedish population registers and new exposure data. , 2005, American journal of epidemiology.

[142]  W. Löscher,et al.  Complex effects of long-term 50 Hz magnetic field exposure in vivo on immune functions in female Sprague-Dawley rats depend on duration of exposure. , 1998, Bioelectromagnetics.

[143]  N. Pearce,et al.  Case-control studies of cancer in New Zealand electrical workers. , 1989, International journal of epidemiology.

[144]  James C. Lin,et al.  MICROWAVE‐INDUCED ACOUSTIC EFFECTS IN MAMMALIAN AUDITORY SYSTEMS AND PHYSICAL MATERIALS * , 1975, Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences.

[145]  N. Pearce LEUKAEMIA IN ELECTRICAL WORKERS IN NEW ZEALAND: A CORRECTION , 1988, The Lancet.

[146]  S. Milham,et al.  Historical evidence that residential electrification caused the emergence of the childhood leukemia peak. , 2001, Medical hypotheses.

[147]  J. W. Allis,et al.  The differential effects of 200, 591, and 2,450 MHz radiation on rat brain energy metabolism. , 1984, Bioelectromagnetics.

[148]  Vijayalaxmi,et al.  Protective effects of melatonin against oxidation of guanine bases in DNA and decreased microsomal membrane fluidity in rat liver induced by whole body ionizing radiation , 2000, Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry.

[149]  D. Parkin,et al.  International Incidence of Childhood Cancer, Vol. II. , 1998, IARC scientific publications.

[150]  Witold Zatonski,et al.  Occupation and breast cancer risk in Polish women: a population-based case-control study. , 2007, American journal of industrial medicine.

[151]  Carl W. Cotman,et al.  The Neuro-Immune Endocrine Connection , 1987 .

[152]  Francine Laden,et al.  Night-shift work and risk of colorectal cancer in the nurses' health study. , 2003, Journal of the National Cancer Institute.

[153]  Stephen B. Bharucha,et al.  Neuroimmunomodulation , 2004, Journal of neuroscience research.

[154]  S. Törnqvist,et al.  Incidence of selected cancers in Swedish railway workers, 1961–79 , 1994, Cancer Causes & Control.

[155]  N. Pedersen,et al.  Dementia and occupational exposure to magnetic fields. , 1998, Scandinavian journal of work, environment & health.

[156]  T L Kurt Re: "Increased mortality in amateur radio operators due to lymphatic and hematopoietic malignancies". , 1988, American journal of epidemiology.

[157]  O P Gandhi,et al.  Behavioral and physiological effects of chronic 2,450-MHz microwave irradiation of the rat at 0.5 mW/cm2. , 1986, Bioelectromagnetics.

[158]  A. Ahlbom,et al.  Occupational and residential magnetic field exposure and breast cancer in females. , 2000, Epidemiology.

[159]  D. Thomas,et al.  Los Angeles study of residential magnetic fields and childhood brain tumors. , 1996, American journal of epidemiology.

[160]  Zheng Feng,et al.  Early melatonin supplementation alleviates oxidative stress in a transgenic mouse model of Alzheimer's disease. , 2006, Free radical biology & medicine.

[161]  R. Galamboš,et al.  Middle-ear structures contribute little to auditory perception of microwaves. , 1979, The Journal of microwave power.

[162]  M. Muñoz,et al.  Antioxidative effect of melatonin in rat brain oxidative stress induced by Adriamycin. , 1997, Revista espanola de fisiologia.

[163]  K. Kunjilwar,et al.  Effect of amplitude-modulated radio frequency radiation on cholinergic system of developing rats , 1993, Brain Research.

[164]  T. Kameyama,et al.  Behavioral changes induced by stressful situations: effects of enkephalins, dynorphin, and their interactions. , 1990, The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics.

[165]  R. Reiter,et al.  Reactive oxygen and nitrogen species and cellular and organismal decline: amelioration with melatonin , 2002, Mechanisms of Ageing and Development.

[166]  D. Lange,et al.  Microwave irradiation of rats at 2.45 GHz activates pinocytotic-like uptake of tracer by capillary endothelial cells of cerebral cortex. , 1990, Bioelectromagnetics.

[167]  J Schüz,et al.  Environmental risk factors for sporadic acoustic neuroma (Interphone Study Group, Germany). , 2007, European journal of cancer.

[168]  K Kuriyama,et al.  Alteration in the function of cerebral neurotransmitter receptors during the establishment of alcohol dependence: neurochemical aspects. , 1990, Alcohol and alcoholism.

[169]  Patricia A Stewart,et al.  Cancer in Korean war navy technicians: mortality survey after 40 years. , 2002, American journal of epidemiology.

[170]  D C Thomas,et al.  Exposure to residential electric and magnetic fields and risk of childhood leukemia. , 1991, American journal of epidemiology.

[171]  M. Ishido,et al.  Magnetic fields (MF) of 50 Hz at 1.2 microT as well as 100 microT cause uncoupling of inhibitory pathways of adenylyl cyclase mediated by melatonin 1a receptor in MF-sensitive MCF-7 cells. , 2001, Carcinogenesis.

[172]  P A Stewart,et al.  Re: Breast cancer mortality among female electrical workers in the United States. , 1995, Journal of the National Cancer Institute.

[173]  S. Cleary,et al.  The in vivo effects of 2.45 GHz microwave radiation on rabbit serum components and sleeping times , 1976, Radiation and environmental biophysics.

[174]  John D. Dockerty,et al.  Electromagnetic Field Exposures and Childhood Cancers in New Zealand , 1998, Cancer Causes & Control.

[175]  W. Löscher,et al.  Study on pineal function and DMBA-induced breast cancer formation in rats during exposure to a 100-mG, 50 Hz magnetic field. , 1996, Journal of toxicology and environmental health.

[176]  Vijayalaxmi,et al.  Melatonin: from basic research to cancer treatment clinics. , 2002, Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology.

[177]  N H Hansen,et al.  EMF exposure assessment in the Finnish garment industry: evaluation of proposed EMF exposure metrics. , 2000, Bioelectromagnetics.

[178]  Michael G Yost,et al.  Relationship Between Amyloid &bgr; Protein and Melatonin Metabolite in a Study of Electric Utility Workers , 2002, Journal of occupational and environmental medicine.

[179]  P. Soubrié,et al.  Decreased convulsant potency of picrotoxin and pentetrazol and enhanced [3H]flunitrazepam cortical binding following stressful manipulations in rats , 1980, Brain Research.

[180]  N. Wertheimer,et al.  Re: Are electric or magnetic fields affecting mortality from breast cancer in women? , 1994, Journal of the National Cancer Institute.

[181]  E. Mantiply,et al.  Summary of measured radiofrequency electric and magnetic fields (10 kHz to 30 GHz) in the general and work environment. , 1997, Bioelectromagnetics.

[182]  R. Stevens,et al.  Night shift work, light at night, and risk of breast cancer. , 2001, Journal of the National Cancer Institute.

[183]  J. H. Merritt,et al.  Attempts to alter 45Ca2+ binding to brain tissue with pulse-modulated microwave energy. , 1982, Bioelectromagnetics.

[184]  D. S. Mitchell,et al.  Long‐term effects of 2.45‐GHz radiation on the ultrastructure of the cerebral cortex and on hematologic profiles of rats , 1977 .

[185]  L. E. Anderson,et al.  Nocturnal 6‐hydroxymelatonin sulfate excretion in female workers exposed to magnetic fields , 2000, Journal of pineal research.

[186]  J. W. Allis,et al.  Effects of continuous-wave, pulsed, and sinusoidal-amplitude-modulated microwaves on brain energy metabolism. , 1985, Bioelectromagnetics.

[187]  Y X Shen,et al.  Improvement of melatonin to the learning and memory impairment induced by amyloid beta-peptide 25 - 35 in elder rats. , 2001, Acta pharmacologica Sinica.

[188]  A. Olshan,et al.  Parental Occupational Exposures to Electromagnetic Fields and Radiation and the Incidence of Neuroblastoma in Offspring , 2001, Epidemiology.

[189]  Bryan Langholz,et al.  Residential magnetic field exposure and breast cancer risk: a nested case-control study from a multiethnic cohort in Los Angeles County, California. , 2003, American journal of epidemiology.

[190]  Mustafa Dosemeci,et al.  Occupational Exposures and Female Breast Cancer Mortality in the United States , 1995, Journal of occupational and environmental medicine.

[191]  E. Preston,et al.  Cerebrovascular permeability to sucrose in the rat exposed to 2,450-MHz microwaves. , 1980, Journal of applied physiology: respiratory, environmental and exercise physiology.

[192]  Jukka Juutilainen,et al.  Do extremely low frequency magnetic fields enhance the effects of environmental carcinogens? A meta-analysis of experimental studies , 2006, International journal of radiation biology.

[193]  Asha Subramanian,et al.  Melatonin, a suppressor of spontaneous murine mammary tumors , 1991, Journal of pineal research.

[194]  S Milham,et al.  Magnetic fields from steel-belted radial tires: implications for epidemiologic studies. , 1999, Bioelectromagnetics.

[195]  R. Hinson,et al.  Heroin "overdose" death: contribution of drug-associated environmental cues. , 1982, Science.

[196]  J. Vena,et al.  Occupational exposures associated with male breast cancer. , 1994, American journal of epidemiology.

[197]  C. Blackman,et al.  Dose dependence of acetylcholinesterase activity in neuroblastoma cells exposed to modulated radio-frequency electromagnetic radiation. , 1992, Bioelectromagnetics.

[198]  T Tynes,et al.  Electromagnetic fields and cancer in children residing near Norwegian high-voltage power lines. , 1997, American journal of epidemiology.

[199]  J. R. Thomas,et al.  EFFECTS OF LOW‐LEVEL MICROWAVE RADIATION ON BEHAVIORAL BASELINES * † , 1975, Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences.

[200]  J. Muhm Mortality investigation of workers in an electromagnetic pulse test program. , 1992, Journal of occupational medicine. : official publication of the Industrial Medical Association.

[201]  J. R. Thomas,et al.  Behavioral effects of chlorpromazine and diazepam combined with low-level microwaves. , 1980, Neurobehavioral toxicology.

[202]  D. Loomis,et al.  Cancer of breast among men in electrical occupations , 1992, The Lancet.

[203]  S Greenland,et al.  Quantitative methods in the review of epidemiologic literature. , 1987, Epidemiologic reviews.

[204]  J D Bowman,et al.  Residential magnetic fields predicted from wiring configurations: I. Exposure model. , 1999, Bioelectromagnetics.

[205]  A. Guy,et al.  SAR in rats exposed in 2,450-MHz circularly polarized waveguides. , 1984, Bioelectromagnetics.

[206]  J Schüz,et al.  Combined risk estimates for two German population-based case-control studies on residential magnetic fields and childhood acute leukemia. , 1998, Epidemiology.

[207]  J E Moulder,et al.  Cell phones and cancer: what is the evidence for a connection? , 1999, Radiation research.

[208]  G N Catravas,et al.  Proceedings: Biochemical changes in the brain of rats exposed to microwaves of low power density. , 1976, The Journal of microwave power.

[209]  J. Kaprio,et al.  Environmental and heritable factors in the causation of cancer--analyses of cohorts of twins from Sweden, Denmark, and Finland. , 2000, The New England journal of medicine.

[210]  R. Reiter,et al.  Both physiological and pharmacological levels of melatonin reduce DNA adduct formation induced by the carcinogen safrole. , 1994, Carcinogenesis.

[211]  L Rushton The precautionary principle in the context of multiple risks , 2007, Occupational and Environmental Medicine.

[212]  S. Michaelson,et al.  Effect of 2450 MHz microwave energy on the blood—brain barrier to hydrophilic molecules. A. Effect on the permeability to sodium fluorescein , 1984, Brain Research Reviews.

[213]  M E O'Connor Prenatal microwave exposure and behavior. , 1988, Progress in clinical and biological research.

[214]  Giuseppe Tognon,et al.  Melatonin prevents free radical formation due to the interaction between β‐amyloid peptides and metal ions [Al(III), Zn(II), Cu(II), Mn(II), Fe(II)] , 2003, Journal of pineal research.

[215]  R. Favoni,et al.  Oestrogen/growth factor cross-talk in breast carcinoma: a specific target for novel antioestrogens. , 1997, Trends in pharmacological sciences.

[216]  W. Joines,et al.  The effects of hyperthermia and hyperthermia plus microwaves on rat brain energy metabolism. , 1984, Bioelectromagnetics.

[217]  Stefan Engström,et al.  Evidence for a slow time-scale of interaction for magnetic fields inhibiting tamoxifen’s antiproliferative action in human breast cancer cells , 2007, Cell Biochemistry and Biophysics.

[218]  O. Garson,et al.  A chromosomal study of workers with long‐term exposure to radio‐frequency radiation , 1991, The Medical journal of Australia.

[219]  W T Kaune,et al.  Residential magnetic fields, light-at-night, and nocturnal urinary 6-sulfatoxymelatonin concentration in women. , 2001, American journal of epidemiology.

[220]  C. Johansen,et al.  Risk of cancer among Danish utility workers--a nationwide cohort study. , 1998, American journal of epidemiology.

[221]  S. Selvin,et al.  Distance and risk measures for the analysis of spatial data: a study of childhood cancers. , 1992, Social science & medicine.

[222]  J. Reif,et al.  Melatonin metabolite levels in workers exposed to 60-Hz magnetic fields: work in substations and with 3-phase conductors. , 2000, Journal of occupational and environmental medicine.

[223]  D. Savitz,et al.  Magnetic Field Exposure and Neurodegenerative Disease Mortality among Electric Utility Workers , 1998, Epidemiology.

[224]  P. Thompson,et al.  PET of brain amyloid and tau in mild cognitive impairment. , 2006, The New England journal of medicine.

[225]  Sharon L R Kardia,et al.  Dynamic relationships between the genome and exposures to environments as causes of common human diseases. , 2004, World review of nutrition and dietetics.

[226]  Michael Kundi,et al.  Causality and the interpretation of epidemiologic evidence. , 2006, Ciencia & saude coletiva.

[227]  Mel Greaves,et al.  Pre-natal origins of childhood leukemia. , 2003, Reviews in clinical and experimental hematology.

[228]  Henry Lai,et al.  Effects of low-level microwave irradiation on amphetamine hyperthermia are blockable by naloxone and classically conditionable , 2004, Psychopharmacology.

[229]  A W Guy Miniature anechoic chamber for chronic exposure of small animals to plane-wave microwave fields. , 1979, The Journal of microwave power.

[230]  B Frangione,et al.  Inhibition of Alzheimer beta-fibrillogenesis by melatonin. , 1998, The Journal of biological chemistry.

[231]  C. Johansen,et al.  Neurodegenerative Diseases in Welders and Other Workers Exposed to High Levels of Magnetic Fields , 2003, Epidemiology.

[232]  Johnni Hansen,et al.  Increased Breast Cancer Risk among Women Who Work Predominantly at Night , 2001, Epidemiology.

[233]  M. Lippman,et al.  PINEAL GLAND AND BREAST CANCER , 1978, The Lancet.

[234]  Jack D Sahl,et al.  Occupational magnetic field exposures of garment workers: results of personal and survey measurements. , 2003, Bioelectromagnetics.

[235]  N. Pearce,et al.  LEUKAEMIA IN ELECTRICAL WORKERS IN NEW ZEALAND , 1985, The Lancet.

[236]  H. Lai,et al.  Effects of ethanol on central dopamine functions. , 1980, Life sciences.

[237]  D. House,et al.  Calcium-ion efflux from brain tissue: power-density versus internal field-intensity dependencies at 50-MHz RF radiation. , 1980, Bioelectromagnetics.

[238]  J. Reif,et al.  Melatonin metabolite excretion among cellular telephone users , 2002, International journal of radiation biology.

[239]  John R. Thomas,et al.  Microwave radiation and dextroamphetamine: Evidence of combined effects on behavior of rats , 1979 .

[240]  J. Schüz,et al.  Exposure to Magnetic Fields and Survival after Diagnosis of Childhood Leukemia: A German Cohort Study , 2007, Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention.

[241]  R. Reiter,et al.  Pharmacological actions of melatonin in oxygen radical pathophysiology. , 1997, Life sciences.

[242]  L. D. Reid,et al.  Tests of opioid deficiency hypotheses of alcoholism. , 1991, Alcohol.

[243]  J. Monahan,et al.  The effect of psychoactive drugs on operant behavior induced by microwave radiation , 1979 .

[244]  R W Coghill,et al.  Extra low frequency electric and magnetic fields in the bedplace of children diagnosed with leukaemia: a case‐control study , 1996, European journal of cancer prevention : the official journal of the European Cancer Prevention Organisation.

[245]  R D Phillips,et al.  BEHAVIORAL EFFECTS OF PULSED MICROWAVE RADIATION * , 1975, Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences.

[246]  W. Löscher,et al.  Exposure of DMBA-treated female rats in a 50-Hz, 50 microTesla magnetic field: effects on mammary tumor growth, melatonin levels, and T lymphocyte activation. , 1996, Carcinogenesis.

[247]  S. Funtowicz,et al.  Three types of risk assessment and the emergence of post-normal science , 1992 .

[248]  W. G. Lotz,et al.  Advances in microwave-induced neuroendocrine effects: The concept of stress , 1980, Proceedings of the IEEE.

[249]  R T Blickenstaff,et al.  Potential radioprotective agents. 1. Homologs of melatonin. , 1994, Journal of pharmaceutical sciences.

[250]  Joseph Quinn,et al.  Chronic melatonin therapy fails to alter amyloid burden or oxidative damage in old Tg2576 mice: implications for clinical trials , 2005, Brain Research.

[251]  Henry Lai,et al.  Effects of noise on high-affinity choline uptake in the frontal cortex and hippocampus of the rat are blocked by intracerebroventricular injection of corticotropin-releasing factor antagonist , 1990, Brain Research.

[252]  Arthur W. Guy,et al.  Circularly polarized 2450-MHz waveguide system for chronic exposure of small animals to microwaves , 1979 .

[253]  W. Lehmacher,et al.  Tumor promotion in a breast cancer model by exposure to a weak alternating magnetic field. , 1993, Cancer letters.

[254]  R. Lebovitz,et al.  Thresholds of cat cochlear nucleus neurons to microwave pulses. , 1989, Bioelectromagnetics.

[255]  David Gee,et al.  LATE LESSONS FROM EARLY WARNINGS , 2004 .

[256]  M. C. Leske,et al.  Electromagnetic fields and breast cancer on Long Island: a case-control study. , 2003, American journal of epidemiology.

[257]  P. Black,et al.  Cellular-telephone use and brain tumors. , 2001, The New England journal of medicine.

[258]  E. A. Grimm,et al.  Melatonin and Breast Cancer: A Prospective Study , 2005 .

[259]  M. Lyon,et al.  Benzodiazepine receptors in the brain as affected by different experimental stresses: The changes are small and not undirectional , 1979, Psychopharmacology.

[260]  James L. Oschman,et al.  Recent Developments in Bioelectromagnetic Medicine , 2004 .

[261]  J P Fulton,et al.  Electrical wiring configurations and childhood leukemia in Rhode Island. , 1980, American journal of epidemiology.

[262]  S. Milham,et al.  Mortality by license class in amateur radio operators. , 1988, American journal of epidemiology.

[263]  R Kavet,et al.  Prediction of nocturnal plasma melatonin from morning urinary measures , 1998, Journal of pineal research.

[264]  Sander Greenland,et al.  Leukemia Attributable to Residential Magnetic Fields: Results from Analyses Allowing for Study Biases , 2006, Risk analysis : an official publication of the Society for Risk Analysis.

[265]  R. Reiter,et al.  Pharmacology and Physiology of Melatonin in the Reduction of Oxidative Stress in vivo , 2000, Neurosignals.

[266]  J. Reif,et al.  Reduced excretion of a melatonin metabolite in workers exposed to 60 Hz magnetic fields. , 1999, American journal of epidemiology.

[267]  R M Lowenthal,et al.  Residential exposure to electric power transmission lines and risk of lymphoproliferative and myeloproliferative disorders: a case–control study , 2007, Internal medicine journal.

[268]  S. Szmigielski,et al.  Cancer morbidity in subjects occupationally exposed to high frequency (radiofrequency and microwave) electromagnetic radiation. , 1996, The Science of the total environment.

[269]  R. Reiter,et al.  Biochemical reactivity of melatonin with reactive oxygen and nitrogen species , 2007, Cell Biochemistry and Biophysics.

[270]  H. Lai,et al.  Acute white noise exposure affects the concentration of benzodiazepine receptors in the brain of the rat , 1990, Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior.

[271]  B. J. Klauenberg,et al.  Influence of microwave exposure on chlordiazepoxide effects in the mouse staircase test , 1994, Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior.

[272]  T. Erren,et al.  A meta-analysis of epidemiologic studies of electric and magnetic fields and breast cancer in women and men. , 2001, Bioelectromagnetics.

[273]  B. Servantie,et al.  SYNCHRONIZATION OF CORTICAL NEURONS BY A PULSED MICROWAVE FIELD AS EVIDENCED BY SPECTRAL ANALYSIS OF ELECTROCORTICOGRAMS FROM THE WHITE RAT * , 1975, Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences.

[274]  L Tomenius,et al.  50-Hz electromagnetic environment and the incidence of childhood tumors in Stockholm County. , 1986, Bioelectromagnetics.

[275]  J Behari,et al.  Physiological changes in rats after exposure to low levels of microwaves. , 1990, Radiation research.

[276]  C E Minder,et al.  Effects of exposure to 16.7 Hz magnetic fields on urinary 6‐hydroxymelatonin sulfate excretion of Swiss railway workers , 1996, Journal of pineal research.

[277]  R. Reiter,et al.  Time course of the melatonin-induced increase in glutathione peroxidase activity in chick tissues. , 1995, Biological signals.

[278]  P. Polc,et al.  Electrophysiology of benzodiazepine receptor ligands: Multiple mechanisms and sites of action , 1988, Progress in Neurobiology.

[279]  David E. Blask,et al.  Pineal melatonin inhibition of tumor promotion in theN-nitroso-N-methylurea model of mammary carcinogenesis: potential involvement of antiestrogenic mechanisms in vivo , 2005, Journal of Cancer Research and Clinical Oncology.

[280]  Ronald G. Blasberg,et al.  Problems of quantifying effects of microwave irradiation on the blood‐brain barrier , 1979 .

[281]  Henry Lai,et al.  Acute exposure to noise affects sodium-dependent high-affinity choline uptake in the central nervous system of the rat , 1987, Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior.

[282]  Geoffrey C Kabat,et al.  Shift work, light at night, and breast cancer on Long Island, New York. , 2006, American journal of epidemiology.

[283]  H. Lai,et al.  Acute exposure to pulsed 2450-MHz microwaves affects water-maze performance of rats. , 2000, Bioelectromagnetics.

[284]  T. Tynes,et al.  Incidence of cancer in Norwegian workers potentially exposed to electromagnetic fields. , 1992, American journal of epidemiology.

[285]  J Ghiso,et al.  Alzheimer β protein mediated oxidative damage of mitochondrial DNA: Prevention by melatonin , 1999, Journal of pineal research.

[286]  J. Olsen,et al.  Residence near high voltage facilities and risk of cancer in children. , 1993, BMJ.

[287]  R. Chizhenkova Slow potentials and spike unit activity of the cerebral cortex of rabbits exposed to microwaves. , 1988, Bioelectromagnetics.

[288]  Leeka Kheifets,et al.  Morning urinary assessment of nocturnal melatonin secretion in older women , 2000, Journal of pineal research.

[289]  E. Holly,et al.  Intraocular Melanoma Linked to Occupations and Chemical Exposures , 1996, Epidemiology.

[290]  P. Raskmark,et al.  The minimizing effect of electromagnetic noise on the changes in cell proliferation caused by ELF magnetic fields , 1996 .

[291]  Anssi Auvinen,et al.  Brain Tumors and Salivary Gland Cancers Among Cellular Telephone Users , 2002, Epidemiology.

[292]  B. Halliwell,et al.  Can oxidative DNA damage be used as a biomarker of cancer risk in humans? Problems, resolutions and preliminary results from nutritional supplementation studies. , 1998, Free radical research.

[293]  M R Cook,et al.  Human melatonin during continuous magnetic field exposure. , 1997, Bioelectromagnetics.

[294]  D. McRee,et al.  Some behavioral effects of short-term exposure of rats to 2.45 GHz microwave radiation. , 1988, Bioelectromagnetics.

[295]  Naohito Yamaguchi,et al.  Childhood leukemia and magnetic fields in Japan: A case‐control study of childhood leukemia and residential power‐frequency magnetic fields in Japan , 2006, International journal of cancer.

[296]  A. Guy,et al.  Low‐Level Microwave Irradiations Affect Central Cholinergic Activity in the Rat , 1987, Journal of neurochemistry.

[297]  R. Reiter,et al.  One molecule, many derivatives: A never‐ending interaction of melatonin with reactive oxygen and nitrogen species? , 2007, Journal of pineal research.

[298]  H. Lalić,et al.  Comparison of chromosome aberrations in peripheral blood lymphocytes from people occupationally exposed to ionizing and radiofrequency radiation. , 2001, Acta medica Okayama.

[299]  T. Bolwig,et al.  Blood‐brain barrier studies with special reference to epileptic seizures , 1988, Acta psychiatrica Scandinavica. Supplementum.

[300]  R. Reiter,et al.  A review of the evidence supporting melatonin's role as an antioxidant , 1995, Journal of pineal research.

[301]  D L Hjeresen,et al.  Microwave attenuation of ethanol-induced hypothermia: ethanol tolerance, time course, exposure duration, and dose response studies. , 1988, Bioelectromagnetics.

[302]  I. Cartuja ON SCIENCE AND PRECAUTION IN THE MANAGEMENT OF TECHNOLOGICAL RISK , 2000 .

[303]  H. Mohler,et al.  Benzodiazepine receptor: demonstration in the central nervous system , 1977, Science.

[304]  Örjan Hallberg,et al.  Cancer trends during the 20th century , 2002 .

[305]  Birgitta Floderus,et al.  Occupational magnetic field exposure and site-specific cancer incidence: a Swedish cohort study , 1999, Cancer Causes & Control.

[306]  W Makous,et al.  Temporal parameters of conditioned hypoglycemia. , 1969, Journal of comparative and physiological psychology.

[307]  J. Jauchem,et al.  Effects of psychotropic drugs on thermal responses to radiofrequency radiation. , 1985, Aviation, space, and environmental medicine.

[308]  M. Gage Microwave irradiation and ambient temperature interact to alter rat behavior following overnight exposure. , 1979, The Journal of microwave power.

[309]  Siv G. Tornqvist,et al.  Incidence of leukaemia and brain tumours in some "electrical occupations". , 1991, British journal of industrial medicine.

[310]  Annibale Biggeri,et al.  Adult and childhood leukemia near a high-power radio station in Rome, Italy. , 2002, American journal of epidemiology.

[311]  Yongbai Yin,et al.  Childhood incidence of acute lymphoblastic leukaemia and exposure to broadcast radiation in Sydney — a second look , 1998, Australian and New Zealand journal of public health.

[312]  Leeka Kheifets,et al.  Occupational electric and magnetic field exposure and brain cancer: a meta-analysis. , 1995 .

[313]  A. Wikler,et al.  Conditioning of successive adaptive responses to the initial effects of drugs , 1973, Conditional reflex.

[314]  K. J. Oscar,et al.  Microwave alteration of the blood-brain barrier system of rats , 1977, Brain Research.

[315]  Jacques Lambrozo,et al.  Magnetic fields and the melatonin hypothesis: a study of workers chronically exposed to 50-Hz magnetic fields. , 2003, American journal of physiology. Regulatory, integrative and comparative physiology.

[316]  P. Villeneuve,et al.  Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma among electric utility workers in Ontario: the evaluation of alternate indices of exposure to 60 Hz electric and magnetic fields , 2000, Occupational and environmental medicine.

[317]  S. Michaelson,et al.  Effect of 2450 MHz microwave energy on the blood-brain barrier to hydrophilic molecules. B. Effect on the permeability to HRP , 1984, Brain Research Reviews.

[318]  M M Finkelstein,et al.  Cancer incidence among Ontario police officers. , 1998, American journal of industrial medicine.

[319]  C. Johansen Exposure to Electromagnetic Fields and Risk of Central Nervous System Disease in Utility Workers , 2000, Epidemiology.

[320]  Jukka Juutilainen,et al.  Occupational magnetic field exposure and melatonin: Interaction with light‐at‐night , 2006, Bioelectromagnetics.

[321]  A. B. Hill The Environment and Disease: Association or Causation? , 1965, Proceedings of the Royal Society of Medicine.

[322]  W. R. Adey,et al.  Effects of weak amplitude-modulated microwave fields on calcium efflux from awake cat cerebral cortex. , 1982, Bioelectromagnetics.

[323]  L. Loberg,et al.  Gene expression in human breast epithelial cells exposed to 60 Hz magnetic fields. , 1999, Carcinogenesis.

[324]  M A Kelsh,et al.  Radiofrequency exposure and mortality from cancer of the brain and lymphatic/hematopoietic systems. , 2000, Epidemiology.

[325]  M. Kare,et al.  Physiological and Behavioral Aspects of Taste. , 1961, Science.

[326]  M. Greaves,et al.  Molecular genetics, natural history and the demise of childhood leukaemia. , 1999, European journal of cancer.

[327]  R. Reiter,et al.  Comparison of the protective effect of melatonin with other antioxidants in the hamster kidney model of estradiol-induced DNA damage. , 2001, Mutation research.

[328]  J. Elder,et al.  Measurement of blood-brain barrier permeation in rats during exposure to 2450-MHz microwaves. , 1982, Bioelectromagnetics.

[329]  R. Goodman,et al.  Application of magnetic field–induced heat shock protein 70 for presurgical cytoprotection , 1998, Journal of cellular biochemistry.

[330]  Sander Greenland,et al.  The Impact of Prior Distributions for Uncontrolled Confounding and Response Bias , 2003 .

[331]  M. Weinstock,et al.  Rat models of dementia based on reductions in regional glucose metabolism, cerebral blood flow and cytochrome oxidase activity , 2004, Journal of Neural Transmission.

[332]  M. Cohen,et al.  Melatonin inhibition and pinealectomy enhancement of 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene-induced mammary tumors in the rat. , 1981, Cancer research.

[333]  S. Baranski Histological and histochemical effect of microwave irradiation on the central nervous system of rabbits and guinea pigs. , 1972, American journal of physical medicine.

[334]  John D. Graham,et al.  Europe's precautionary principle: promise and pitfalls , 2002 .

[335]  James N. Sanza,et al.  Fixed interval behavior of rats exposed to microwaves at low power densities , 1977 .

[336]  Iu P Pal'tsev,et al.  [The effect of ultrahigh-frequency electromagnetic radiation on learning and memory processes]. , 1992, Biulleten' eksperimental'noi biologii i meditsiny.

[337]  M Taki,et al.  Mobile phone use and acoustic neuroma risk in Japan , 2006, Occupational and Environmental Medicine.

[338]  B. Arnetz,et al.  Melatonin and adrenocorticotropic hormone levels in video display unit workers during work and leisure. , 1996, Journal of occupational and environmental medicine.

[339]  R. Lebovitz,et al.  Single auditory unit responsesto weak, pulsed microwave radiation , 1977, Brain Research.

[340]  S. Hecht,et al.  ENERGY, QUANTA, AND VISION , 1942, The Journal of general physiology.

[341]  R P Liburdy,et al.  Environmental magnetic fields inhibit the antiproliferative action of tamoxifen and melatonin in a human breast cancer cell line. , 1997, Bioelectromagnetics.

[342]  L S Honig,et al.  Plasma A[beta]40 and A[beta]42 and Alzheimer's disease: relation to age, mortality, and risk. , 2003, Neurology.

[343]  Maria Blettner,et al.  Occupational exposure to radio frequency/microwave radiation and the risk of brain tumors: Interphone Study Group, Germany. , 2006, American journal of epidemiology.

[344]  Denis R. Miller,et al.  Residential Exposure to Magnetic Fields and Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia in Children , 1998 .

[345]  R Eikelboom,et al.  Conditioning of drug-induced physiological responses. , 1982, Psychological review.

[346]  M. Coleman,et al.  Leukaemia and residence near electricity transmission equipment: a case-control study. , 1989, British Journal of Cancer.

[347]  A. Guy,et al.  Low-level microwave irradiation and central cholinergic systems , 1989, Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior.

[348]  J. H. Merritt,et al.  Studies on blood-brain barrier permeability after microwave-radiation , 1978, Radiation and environmental biophysics.

[349]  Debomoy K Lahiri,et al.  Dietary supplementation with melatonin reduces levels of amyloid beta‐peptides in the murine cerebral cortex , 2004, Journal of pineal research.

[350]  Jerome R. Ravetz,et al.  Uncertainty and Quality in Science for Policy , 1990 .

[351]  D. Lange,et al.  Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV): potentiation of lethality in mice by microwave radiation. , 1991, Bioelectromagnetics.

[352]  E. Albert,et al.  Reversible microwave effects on the blood-brain barrier , 1981, Brain Research.

[353]  A Basten,et al.  Lymphomas in E mu-Pim1 transgenic mice exposed to pulsed 900 MHZ electromagnetic fields. , 1997, Radiation research.

[354]  W. Joines,et al.  Microwave effects on energy metabolism of rat brain. , 1980, Bioelectromagnetics.

[355]  Marko S. Markov,et al.  Magnetic and Electromagnetic Field Therapy: Basic Principles of Application for Pain Relief , 2004 .

[356]  Y. Akyel,et al.  Immediate post-exposure effects of high-peak-power microwave pulses on operant behavior of Wistar rats. , 1991, Bioelectromagnetics.

[357]  R Kavet,et al.  Testing electromagnetic fields for potential carcinogenic activity: a critical review of animal models. , 1997, Environmental health perspectives.

[358]  F Laden,et al.  Rotating night shifts and risk of breast cancer in women participating in the nurses' health study. , 2001, Journal of the National Cancer Institute.

[359]  S. Amir,et al.  The role of endorphins in stress: Evidence and speculations , 1980, Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews.

[360]  J. Rabey,et al.  Dynamics of cholinergic synaptic mechanisms in rat hippocampus after stress , 1985, Brain Research.

[361]  J. Crabbe,et al.  Pavlovian conditioning of drug-induced changes in body temperature. , 1983, Pharmacology & therapeutics.

[362]  H D Cohen,et al.  Nocturnal melatonin levels in human volunteers exposed to intermittent 60 Hz magnetic fields. , 1996, Bioelectromagnetics.

[363]  Koji Abe,et al.  Melatonin increases survival and inhibits oxidative and amyloid pathology in a transgenic model of Alzheimer's disease , 2003, Journal of neurochemistry.

[364]  W. Klunk,et al.  Imaging brain amyloid in Alzheimer's disease with Pittsburgh Compound‐B , 2004, Annals of neurology.

[365]  D. Cardinali,et al.  Clinical Perspectives for the Use of Melatonin as a Chronobiotic and Cytoprotective Agent , 2005, Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences.

[366]  S Greenland,et al.  A Pooled Analysis of Magnetic Fields, Wire Codes, and Childhood Leukemia , 2000, Epidemiology.

[367]  M. Speers,et al.  Occupational exposures and brain cancer mortality: a preliminary study of east Texas residents. , 1988, American journal of industrial medicine.

[368]  R. Reiter,et al.  Chemical and physical properties and potential mechanisms: melatonin as a broad spectrum antioxidant and free radical scavenger. , 2002, Current topics in medicinal chemistry.

[369]  M Feychting,et al.  A pooled analysis of magnetic fields and childhood leukaemia , 2000, British Journal of Cancer.

[370]  A. Guy,et al.  Nonionizing electromagnetic wave effects in biological materials and systems , 1972 .

[371]  G. Matanoski,et al.  Electromagnetic field exposure and male breast cancer , 1991, The Lancet.

[372]  I. Antolín,et al.  Neurohormone melatonin prevents cell damage: effect on gene expression for antioxidant enzymes , 1996, FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology.

[373]  Theofanis Christoforou,et al.  The precautionary principle and democratizing expertise: A European legal perspective , 2003 .

[374]  R. Davis,et al.  Cluster of testicular cancer in police officers exposed to hand-held radar. , 1993, American journal of industrial medicine.

[375]  Robert Kavet,et al.  The relationship between electromagnetic field and light exposures to melatonin and breast cancer risk: A review of the relevant literature , 1999, Journal of pineal research.

[376]  W. R. Adey,et al.  Ionic factors in release of 45Ca2+ from chicken cerebral tissue by electromagnetic fields. , 1978, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[377]  Birgitta Floderus,et al.  Occupational exposure to magnetic fields in relation to male breast cancer and testicular cancer: a Swedish case-control study , 1997, Cancer Causes & Control.

[378]  M. Dam,et al.  Fifty Hertz electromagnetic field exposure stimulates secretion of β-amyloid peptide in cultured human neuroglioma , 2007, Neuroscience Letters.

[379]  Maria Blettner,et al.  Cellular phones, cordless phones, and the risks of glioma and meningioma (Interphone Study Group, Germany). , 2006, American journal of epidemiology.

[380]  D. McRee,et al.  Whole-body and local dosimetry in rats exposed to 2.45-GHz microwave radiation. , 1984, Health physics.

[381]  J W Frazer,et al.  Metal ion content of specific areas of the rat brain after 1600 MHz radiofrequency irradiation. , 1976, The Journal of microwave power.

[382]  Arthur W. Guy,et al.  Irradiation of rats by 918‐MHz microwaves at 2.5 mW/cm2: Delineating the dose‐response relationship , 1977 .

[383]  Rex L. Clarke,et al.  Failure of rats to escape from a potentially lethal microwave field. , 1980, Bioelectromagnetics.

[384]  S. Milham,et al.  Occupational mortality in Washington State, 1950-1989 , 1995 .

[385]  S D Stellman,et al.  Handheld cellular telephones and risk of acoustic neuroma , 2002, Neurology.

[386]  Don R. Justesen,et al.  Classical conditioning of microwave‐induced hyperthermia in rats , 1979 .

[387]  Lennart Hardell,et al.  MOBILE TELEPHONES AND CANCER—A REVIEW OF EPIDEMIOLOGICAL EVIDENCE , 2004, Journal of toxicology and environmental health. Part B, Critical reviews.

[388]  A. Guy,et al.  Acute low-level microwave exposure and central cholinergic activity: studies on irradiation parameters. , 1988, Bioelectromagnetics.

[389]  N. Mackintosh The psychology of animal learning , 1974 .

[390]  W. R. Adey,et al.  Low frequency amplitude modulated microwave fields change calcium efflux rates from synaptosomes. , 1982, Bioelectromagnetics.

[391]  Lisa A. Weissfeld,et al.  Evaluation of voxel-based methods for the statistical analysis of PIB PET amyloid imaging studies in Alzheimer's disease , 2006, NeuroImage.

[392]  Zheng Feng,et al.  Melatonin alleviates behavioral deficits associated with apoptosis and cholinergic system dysfunction in the APP 695 transgenic mouse model of Alzheimer's disease , 2004, Journal of pineal research.

[393]  D S Beniashvili,et al.  Low-frequency electromagnetic radiation enhances the induction of rat mammary tumors by nitrosomethyl urea. , 1991, Cancer letters.

[394]  A. Guy,et al.  Auditory response in rats exposed to 2,450 MHz electromagnetic fields in a circularly polarized waveguide. , 1985, Bioelectromagnetics.

[395]  T Tynes,et al.  Follow-up of radio and telegraph operators with exposure to electromagnetic fields and risk of breast cancer , 2003, European journal of cancer prevention : the official journal of the European Cancer Prevention Organisation.

[396]  David O Carpenter,et al.  The role of metals in the etiology of Alzheimer's disease. , 2007, Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD.

[397]  E. Taylor,et al.  Analysis of central nervous system involvement in the microwave auditory effect. , 1974, Brain research.

[398]  Leeka Kheifets,et al.  Childhood leukemia and EMF: Review of the epidemiologic evidence , 2005, Bioelectromagnetics.

[399]  A W Guy,et al.  Carbon-loaded Teflon electrodes for chronic EEG recordings in microwave research. , 1979, The Journal of microwave power.

[400]  G. Langner,et al.  Electroreception and electrolocation in platypus , 1986, Nature.

[401]  Steffen Foss Hansen,et al.  Late lessons from early warnings for nanotechnology. , 2008, Nature nanotechnology.

[402]  O. Gandhi,et al.  Absorption of microwave radiation by the anesthetized rat: electromagnetic and thermal hotspots in body and tail. , 1987, Bioelectromagnetics.

[403]  H. Cappell,et al.  Conditioned tolerance to the hypothermic effect of ethyl alcohol. , 1979, Science.

[404]  T. K. Ishii,et al.  Effects of acute microwave irradiation on phenobarbital sleep and disposition to brain in mice , 1983 .

[405]  N. Wertheimer,et al.  Electrical wiring configurations and childhood cancer. , 1979, American journal of epidemiology.

[406]  D. S. Mitchell,et al.  Hyperactivity and disruption of operant behavior in rats after multiple exposures to microwave radiation , 1977 .

[407]  D. Justesen,et al.  Microwave irradiation and the blood-brain barrier , 1980, Proceedings of the IEEE.

[408]  O. Gandhi,et al.  Intermittent exposure of rats to 2450 MHz microwaves at 2.5 mW cm2: behavioral and physiological effects. , 1986, Bioelectromagnetics.

[409]  Scott Davis,et al.  Effects of 60-Hz magnetic field exposure on nocturnal 6-sulfatoxymelatonin, estrogens, luteinizing hormone, and follicle-stimulating hormone in healthy reproductive-age women: results of a crossover trial. , 2006, Annals of epidemiology.

[410]  J R Marshall,et al.  Risk of premenopausal breast cancer and use of electric blankets. , 1994, American journal of epidemiology.

[411]  P. Sagan,et al.  Behavior of chicks exposed to low‐power 450‐MHz fields sinusoidally modulated at EEG frequencies , 1979 .

[412]  A. Neugut,et al.  Handheld cellular telephone use and risk of brain cancer. , 2000, JAMA.

[413]  Örjan Hallberg,et al.  Melanoma Incidence and Frequency Modulation (FM) Broadcasting , 2002, Archives of environmental health.

[414]  A. H. Frey,et al.  NEURAL FUNCTION AND BEHAVIOR: DEFINING THE RELATIONSHIP , 1975, Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences.

[415]  Ericka Stricklin-Parker,et al.  Ann , 2005 .

[416]  Per Hall,et al.  Mobile Phone Use and the Risk of Acoustic Neuroma , 2004, Epidemiology.

[417]  J. Jauchem Effects of drugs on thermal responses to microwaves. , 1985, General pharmacology.

[418]  Jian-Zhi Wang,et al.  Role of melatonin in Alzheimer-like neurodegeneration , 2006, Acta Pharmacologica Sinica.

[419]  Louis Anthony Tony Cox,et al.  Does concern-driven risk management provide a viable alternative to QRA? , 2007, Risk analysis : an official publication of the Society for Risk Analysis.

[420]  Y X Shen,et al.  The protective effects of melatonin from oxidative damage induced by amyloid beta‐peptide 25–35 in middle‐aged rats , 2002, Journal of pineal research.

[421]  A. Guy,et al.  Microwave irradiation affects radial-arm maze performance in the rat. , 1994, Bioelectromagnetics.

[422]  R. Quock,et al.  Microwave facilitation of domperidone antagonism of apomorphine-induced stereotypic climbing in mice. , 1987, Bioelectromagnetics.

[423]  A. H. Frey,et al.  Dopamine Receptors and Microwave Energy Exposure , 1983 .

[424]  Narendra Singh,et al.  Magnetic-field-induced DNA strand breaks in brain cells of the rat. , 2004, Environmental health perspectives.

[425]  Vincent James Cogliano,et al.  The IARC Monographs: a resource for precaution and prevention , 2007, Occupational and Environmental Medicine.

[426]  J. Pipkin,et al.  Induction of stress proteins by electromagnetic fields in cultured HL-60 cells. , 1999, Bioelectromagnetics.

[427]  J. H. Merritt,et al.  Orientation effects on microwave-induced hyperthermia and neurochemical correlates. , 1977, The Journal of microwave power.

[428]  John O. de Lorge,et al.  Operant behavior and colonic temperature of Macaca mulatta exposed to radio frequency fields at and above resonant frequencies. , 1984 .

[429]  Philippe Grandjean,et al.  Implications of the precautionary principle for primary prevention and research. , 2004, Annual review of public health.

[430]  S. Milham Increased mortality in amateur radio operators due to lymphatic and hematopoietic malignancies. , 1988, American journal of epidemiology.

[431]  D Echeverria,et al.  Occupational exposure to electromagnetic fields and Alzheimer disease. , 1999, Alzheimer disease and associated disorders.

[432]  Stewart J. Allen,et al.  Skilled visual‐motor performance by monkeys in a 1.2‐GHz microwave field , 1979 .

[433]  M Feychting,et al.  Magnetic fields and cancer in children residing near Swedish high-voltage power lines. , 1993, American journal of epidemiology.

[434]  A Subramanian,et al.  Suppressive effect by melatonin on different phases of 9,10‐dimethyl-1,2‐benzanthracene (DMBA)-induced rat mammary gland carcinogenesis , 1991, Anti-cancer drugs.

[435]  B. Roberti,et al.  PRELIMINARY INVESTIGATIONS OF THE EFFECTS OF LOW‐LEVEL MICROWAVE RADIATION ON SPONTANEOUS MOTOR ACTIVITY IN RATS , 1975, Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences.

[436]  M. Goldberg,et al.  Exposure to organic solvents and breast cancer in women: a hypothesis. , 1997, American journal of industrial medicine.

[437]  K. H. Mild,et al.  Measured 50 Hz electric and magnetic fields in Swedish and Norwegian residential buildings , 1996 .

[438]  S. Paul,et al.  Repeated swim stress alters brain benzodiazepine receptors measured in vivo. , 1989, The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics.

[439]  D Krewski,et al.  Potential health risks of radiofrequency fields from wireless telecommunication devices. , 2001, Journal of toxicology and environmental health. Part B, Critical reviews.

[440]  D. Price,et al.  The Functional Organization of the Basal Forebrain Cholinergic System in Primates and the Role of this System in Alzheimer's Disease a , 1985, Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences.

[441]  A. D. Clayden,et al.  Childhood cancer and overhead powerlines: a case-control study. , 1990, British Journal of Cancer.

[442]  B. Modan,et al.  Occupational risks for the development of brain tumors. , 1997, American journal of industrial medicine.

[443]  J Schüz,et al.  Risk factors for pediatric tumors of the central nervous system: results from a German population-based case-control study. , 2001, Medical and pediatric oncology.

[444]  I Kleinschmidt,et al.  Cancer incidence near radio and television transmitters in Great Britain. I. Sutton Coldfield transmitter. , 1997, American journal of epidemiology.

[445]  F Heinmets,et al.  Thermal bradycardia during radiofrequency irradiation. , 1983, Physiological chemistry and physics and medical NMR.

[446]  J. Spinelli,et al.  Brain cancer and exposure to electromagnetic fields. , 1991, Journal of occupational medicine. : official publication of the Industrial Medical Association.

[447]  G. Shaddick,et al.  Cancer incidence near radio and television transmitters in Great Britain. II. All high power transmitters. , 1997, American journal of epidemiology.

[448]  David M. Umbach,et al.  Lead Exposure and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis , 2002, Epidemiology.

[449]  J. L. Lords,et al.  Behavioral and thermal effects of microwave radiation at resonant and nonresonant wavelengths , 1977 .

[450]  W R Adey The cellular microenvironment and signaling through cell membranes. , 1988, Progress in clinical and biological research.

[451]  A. Guy,et al.  Psychoactive-drug response is affected by acute low-level microwave irradiation. , 1983, Bioelectromagnetics.

[452]  J. De Lorge,et al.  Microwaves as reinforcing events in a cold environment. , 1988, Progress in clinical and biological research.

[453]  Tetsuya Mizoue,et al.  Residential Proximity to High-Voltage Power Lines and Risk of Childhood Hematological Malignancies , 2004, Journal of epidemiology.

[454]  J. Zook,et al.  Alterations in activity at auditory nuclei of the rat induced by exposure to microwave radiation: Autoradiographic evidence using [14C]2-deoxy-d-glucose , 1980, Brain Research.

[455]  R. Reiter,et al.  Significance of Melatonin in Antioxidative Defense System: Reactions and Products , 2000, Neurosignals.

[456]  Mircea Steriade,et al.  Brain cholinergic systems , 1990 .

[457]  H. Akil,et al.  Autoradiographic differentiation of mu, delta and kappa opioid receptors in the rat forebrain and midbrain A. Mansour H. Khachaturian, M.E. Lewis, H. Akil and S.J. Watson, Neuroscience, 7 (1987) 2445–2464 , 1988, Pain.

[458]  L. Kheifets,et al.  Electric and magnetic field exposure and brain cancer: a review. , 2001, Bioelectromagnetics.

[459]  R. V. van Breemen,et al.  Mass spectrometry-based screening for inhibitors of beta-amyloid protein aggregation. , 2005, Analytical chemistry.

[460]  R. Solomon,et al.  Traumatic avoidance learning: the principles of anxiety conservation and partial irreversibility. , 1954, Psychological review.

[461]  Maria Feychting,et al.  Electromagnetic Fields and Female Breast Cancer , 2006, Cancer Causes & Control.

[462]  J. L. Lords,et al.  Physiological and behavioral effects of prolonged exposure to 915 MHz microwaves. , 1980, The Journal of microwave power.

[463]  T. Barrett,et al.  Antimicrobial use in agriculture: controlling the transfer of antimicrobial resistance to humans. , 2004, Seminars in pediatric infectious diseases.

[464]  P. Czerski,et al.  Health surveillance of personnel occupationally exposed to microwaves. II. Functional disturbances. , 1974, Aerospace medicine.

[465]  S. Michaelson,et al.  Effect of 2450 MHz microwave energy on the blood-brain barrier to hydrophilic molecules. C. Effect on the permeability to [14C]sucrose , 1984, Brain Research Reviews.

[466]  M Feychting,et al.  Magnetic Fields and Breast Cancer in Swedish Adults Residing near High‐Voltage Power Lines , 1998, Epidemiology.

[467]  J. M. Verschuuren The precautionary principle in European environmental law , 1993 .

[468]  E Sobel,et al.  Elevated risk of Alzheimer's disease among workers with likely electromagnetic field exposure , 1996, Neurology.

[469]  Tore Tynes,et al.  Residential and occupational exposures to 50-Hz magnetic fields and breast cancer in women: a population-based study. , 2004, American journal of epidemiology.

[470]  J. R. Thomas,et al.  Modification of the repeated acquisition of response sequences in rats by low-level microwave exposure. , 1980, Bioelectromagnetics.

[471]  Mark L. Greenberg,et al.  A case‐control study of childhood leukemia in Southern Ontario, Canada, and exposure to magnetic fields in residences , 1999, International journal of cancer.

[472]  Fabriziomaria Gobba,et al.  No association between occupational exposure to ELF magnetic field and urinary 6‐sulfatoximelatonin in workers , 2006, Bioelectromagnetics.

[473]  S. Hill,et al.  Effects of melatonin on cancer: studies on MCF-7 human breast cancer cells in culture. , 1986, Journal of neural transmission. Supplementum.

[474]  R. Reiter,et al.  Melatonin Prevents Death of Neuroblastoma Cells Exposed to the Alzheimer Amyloid Peptide , 1997, The Journal of Neuroscience.

[475]  S. Hill,et al.  Pathways through which a regimen of melatonin and retinoic acid induces apoptosis in MCF-7 human breast cancer cells , 2000, Breast Cancer Research and Treatment.

[476]  J D Bowman,et al.  Residential magnetic fields predicted from wiring configurations: II. Relationships To childhood leukemia. , 1999, Bioelectromagnetics.

[477]  J Schüz,et al.  Residential magnetic fields as a risk factor for childhood acute leukaemia: Results from a German population‐based case‐control study , 2001, International journal of cancer.

[478]  D Wartenberg,et al.  Residential magnetic fields and childhood leukemia: a meta-analysis. , 1998, American journal of public health.

[479]  J. C. Lin,et al.  Interaction of ethanol and microwaves on the blood-brain barrier of rats. , 1986, Bioelectromagnetics.

[480]  Leeka Kheifets,et al.  Epidemiology of Health Effects of Radiofrequency Exposure , 2004, Environmental health perspectives.

[481]  T Tynes,et al.  Residential and occupational exposure to 50 Hz magnetic fields and malignant melanoma: a population based study , 2003, Occupational and environmental medicine.

[482]  H. Wachtel,et al.  Slow and rapid responses to CW and pulsed microwave radiation by individual Aplysia pacemakers. , 1978, The Journal of microwave power.

[483]  J. Medina,et al.  Benzodiazepine receptors in rat cerebral cortex and hippocampus undergo rapid and reversible changes after acute stress , 1983, Neuroscience.

[484]  France Labrèche,et al.  Occupational exposures to extremely low frequency magnetic fields and postmenopausal breast cancer. , 2003, American journal of industrial medicine.

[485]  Susan E Hankinson,et al.  Urinary melatonin levels and breast cancer risk. , 2005, Journal of the National Cancer Institute.

[486]  P H Abelson Effects of electric and magnetic fields. , 1989, Science.

[487]  A. Guy,et al.  A Review of Microwave Irradiation and Actions of Psychoactive Drugs , 1987, IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Magazine.

[488]  R. Liburdy,et al.  ELF magnetic fields, breast cancer, and melatonin: 60 Hz fields block melatonin's oncostatic action on ER+ breast cancer cell proliferation , 1993, Journal of pineal research.

[489]  Henry Lai,et al.  Effects of repeated exposure to white noise on central cholinergic activity in the rat , 1988, Brain Research.

[490]  F. Marcheselli,et al.  Melatonin: a peroxyl radical scavenger more effective than vitamin E. , 1994, Life sciences.

[491]  Pekka J Jarvinen,et al.  Public health implications , 2006 .

[492]  W. R. Adey,et al.  Models of long‐range order in cerebral macromolecules: Effects of sub‐ELF and of modulated VHF and UHF fields , 1979 .

[493]  R. L. Clarke,et al.  Behavioral Sensitivity to Microwave Irradiation , 1971, Science.

[494]  J. Elder,et al.  Induction of calcium-ion efflux from brain tissue by radio-frequency radiation: Effects of modulation frequency and field strength , 1979 .

[495]  M. Spitz,et al.  Neuroblastoma and paternal occupation. A case-control analysis. , 1985, American journal of epidemiology.

[496]  Jörg Michaelis,et al.  Childhood leukemia and electromagnetic fields: results of a population-based case-control study in Germany , 1997, Cancer Causes & Control.

[497]  A Pierangeli,et al.  Protective effect of low frequency low energy pulsing electromagnetic fields on acute experimental myocardial infarcts in rats. , 1999, Bioelectromagnetics.

[498]  Daniel Krewski,et al.  The effects of recall errors and of selection bias in epidemiologic studies of mobile phone use and cancer risk , 2006, Journal of Exposure Science and Environmental Epidemiology.

[499]  J. Merritt,et al.  The Effect of 1.6 GHz Radiation on Neurotransmitters in Discrete Areas of the Rat Brain. , 1976 .

[500]  R. Hruska,et al.  Effect of Ethanol Administration on Striatal D1 and D2 Dopamine Receptors , 1988, Journal of neurochemistry.

[501]  P. Sizonenko,et al.  Normal sexual maturation. , 1987, Pediatrician.

[502]  J. Elder,et al.  Induction of calcium-ion efflux from brain tissue by radiofrequency radiation: effect of sample number and modulation frequency on the power-density window. , 1980, Bioelectromagnetics.

[503]  T. Åkerstedt,et al.  Suppression of sleepiness and melatonin by bright light exposure during breaks in night work , 2004, Journal of Sleep Research.

[504]  J. Reif,et al.  Nocturnal excretion of a urinary melatonin metabolite among electric utility workers. , 1998, Scandinavian journal of work, environment & health.

[505]  MichelP. Coleman LEUKAEMIA MORTALITY IN AMATEUR RADIO OPERATORS , 1985, The Lancet.

[506]  William F. Pickard,et al.  Radio-frequency bioeffects at the membrane level: Separation of thermal and athermal contributions in the characeae , 1981, The Journal of Membrane Biology.

[507]  J. H. Merritt,et al.  In vitro study of microwave effects on calcium efflux in rat brain tissue. , 1981, Bioelectromagnetics.

[508]  A. Guy,et al.  Opioid receptor subtypes that mediate a microwave-induced decrease in central cholinergic activity in the rat. , 1992, Bioelectromagnetics.

[509]  Yoon-Myoung Gimm,et al.  Radio-frequency radiation exposure from AM radio transmitters and childhood leukemia and brain cancer. , 2007, American journal of epidemiology.

[510]  J. Siemiatycki,et al.  Reliability of an expert rating procedure for retrospective assessment of occupational exposures in community-based case-control studies. , 1997, American journal of industrial medicine.

[511]  G. Bubenik,et al.  Localization, Physiological Significance and Possible Clinical Implication of Gastrointestinal Melatonin , 2001, Neurosignals.

[512]  H. Needleman,et al.  Making models of real world events: the use and abuse of inference. , 1995, Neurotoxicology and teratology.

[513]  A. Wikler,et al.  Dynamics of drug dependence. Implications of a conditioning theory for research and treatment. , 1973, Archives of general psychiatry.

[514]  Terri Damstra,et al.  Global assessment of the state-of-the-science of endocrine disruptors , 2002 .

[515]  L Myers,et al.  Chemoprevention of NMU-induced rat mammary carcinoma with the combination of melatonin and 9-cis-retinoic acid. , 2001, Cancer letters.

[516]  George Perry,et al.  The neuroprotective activities of melatonin against the Alzheimer β‐protein are not mediated by melatonin membrane receptors , 2002, Journal of pineal research.

[517]  Leeka Kheifets,et al.  Magnetic field exposure and long-term survival among children with leukaemia , 2006, British Journal of Cancer.

[518]  Richard G. Stevens,et al.  Relation between residential magnetic fields, light-at-night, and nocturnal urine melatonin levels in women: Volume 1 -- Background and purpose, methods, results, discussion. Final report , 1997 .

[519]  J. L. Lords,et al.  Physiological and behavioral effects of chronic exposure to 2450-MHz microwaves. , 1979, The Journal of microwave power.

[520]  Scott Davis,et al.  Residential magnetic fields and the risk of breast cancer. , 2002, American journal of epidemiology.

[521]  K. Mizukawa,et al.  Alterations of muscarinic cholinergic receptors in the hippocampal formation of stressed rat: in vitro quantitative autoradiographic analysis , 1989, Brain Research.

[522]  M. Bourdages,et al.  Effects of electric and magnetic fields from high-power lines on female urinary excretion of 6-sulfatoxymelatonin. , 2001, American journal of epidemiology.

[523]  A. Dunn,et al.  Psychoneuroimmunology for the psychoneuroendocrinologist: A review of animal studies of nervous system-immune system interactions , 1989, Psychoneuroendocrinology.

[524]  G D'Inzeo,et al.  Microwave effects on acetylcholine-induced channels in cultured chick myotubes. , 1988, Bioelectromagnetics.

[525]  Ulf Bergqvist,et al.  Review of epidemiological studies , 1997 .

[526]  R. Reiter,et al.  Pineal melatonin: cell biology of its synthesis and of its physiological interactions. , 1991, Endocrine reviews.

[527]  X. Zhu,et al.  Melatonin acts as antioxidant and pro-oxidant in an organotypic slice culture model of Alzheimer's disease , 2001, Neuroreport.

[528]  J. Olsen,et al.  Cellular telephones and cancer--a nationwide cohort study in Denmark. , 2001, Journal of the National Cancer Institute.

[529]  M. Kalsher,et al.  Morphine increases intake of beer among rats. , 1991, Alcohol.

[530]  W. Hrushesky,et al.  Re: Melatonin and breast cancer: a prospective study. , 2004, Journal of the National Cancer Institute.

[531]  M. Goedert,et al.  A Century of Alzheimer's Disease , 2006, Science.

[532]  H. Gurvit,et al.  Risk Factors for Alzheimer Disease: A Population-Based Case-Control Study in Istanbul, Turkey , 2003, Alzheimer disease and associated disorders.

[533]  Kristina Kjærheim,et al.  Breast Cancer and Night Work among Norwegian Nurses , 2006, Cancer Causes & Control.

[534]  A. Ahlbom,et al.  Occupational Magnetic Field Exposure and Neurodegenerative Disease , 2003, Epidemiology.

[535]  Burkhard Poeggeler,et al.  On the primary functions of melatonin in evolution: Mediation of photoperiodic signals in a unicell, photooxidation, and scavenging of free radicals * , 1995, Journal of pineal research.

[536]  W. R. Adey,et al.  Effects of modulated very high frequency fields on specific brain rhythms in cats. , 1973, Brain research.

[537]  B Langholz,et al.  Factors that explain the power line configuration wiring code-childhood leukemia association: what would they look like? , 2001, Bioelectromagnetics.

[538]  A N Ustinenko,et al.  [Stress and immunity]. , 1991, Fel'dsher i akusherka.

[539]  R. Reiter,et al.  Orally administered melatonin reduces oxidative stress and proinflammatory cytokines induced by amyloid‐β peptide in rat brain: a comparative, in vivo study versus vitamin C and E , 2003, Journal of pineal research.

[540]  R. Reiter,et al.  Melatonin stimulates brain glutathione peroxidase activity , 1995, Neurochemistry International.

[541]  D. Overstreet,et al.  Receptor alterations and drug tolerance. , 1979, Life sciences.

[542]  G Nistico,et al.  Potent protective effect of melatonin on in vivo paraquat-induced oxidative damage in rats. , 1995, Life sciences.

[543]  Tore Tynes,et al.  Incidence of breast cancer in Norwegian female radio and telegraph operators , 1996, Cancer Causes & Control.

[544]  R. Goodman,et al.  Magnetic field stress induces expression of hsp70. , 1998, Cell stress & chaperones.

[545]  J. R. Thomas,et al.  Modification of Internal Discriminative Stimulus Control of Behavior by Low Levels of Pulsed Microwave Radiation. , 1976 .

[546]  R S Lin,et al.  Risk of leukemia in children living near high-voltage transmission lines. , 1998, Journal of occupational and environmental medicine.

[547]  Kjell Hansson Mild,et al.  Long-term use of cellular phones and brain tumours: increased risk associated with use for ⩾10 years , 2007, Occupational and Environmental Medicine.

[548]  J. Monahan,et al.  Increased sensitivity of the non-human primate eye to microwave radiation following ophthalmic drug pretreatment. , 1992, Bioelectromagnetics.

[549]  J E Deadman,et al.  Individual estimation of exposures to extremely low frequency magnetic fields in jobs commonly held by women. , 2002, American journal of epidemiology.

[550]  T Tynes,et al.  Incidence of breast cancer in a Norwegian cohort of women with potential workplace exposure to 50 Hz magnetic fields. , 1999, American journal of industrial medicine.

[551]  Arthur A. Pilla,et al.  Mechanisms and Therapeutic Applications of Time-Varying and Static Magnetic Fields , 2018, Biological and Medical Aspects of Electromagnetic Fields.

[552]  Dr. Yngve Hamnerius,et al.  Microwave Exposure from Mobile Phones and Base Stations in Sweden , 2001 .

[553]  M. Mhatre,et al.  Pineal ablation in varying photoperiods and the incidence of 9,10-dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene induced mammary cancer in rats. , 1984, Cancer letters.

[554]  Wei Wei,et al.  Protective effects of melatonin on cortico-hippocampal neurotoxicity induced by amyloid beta-peptide 25-35. , 2002, Acta pharmacologica Sinica.

[555]  S Buntenkötter,et al.  Effects of magnetic fields on mammary tumor development induced by 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene in rats. , 1993, Bioelectromagnetics.

[556]  D A Savitz,et al.  Electrical occupations and neurodegenerative disease: analysis of U.S. mortality data. , 1998, Archives of environmental health.

[557]  V. Garaj-Vrhovac,et al.  Micronucleus assay and lymphocyte mitotic activity in risk assessment of occupational exposure to microwave radiation. , 1999, Chemosphere.

[558]  M. Folstein,et al.  Clinical diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease , 1984, Neurology.

[559]  A. Guy,et al.  Specific absorption rate in rats exposed to 2,450-MHz microwaves under seven exposure conditions. , 1985, Bioelectromagnetics.

[560]  L. Balaspiri,et al.  Interaction between synthetic amyloid-beta-peptide (1-40) and its aggregation inhibitors studied by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. , 2001, Journal of mass spectrometry : JMS.

[561]  G. Eklund,et al.  An application of the Swedish Cancer-Environment Registry. Leukaemia among telephone operators at the telecommunications administration in Sweden. , 1981, International journal of epidemiology.

[562]  G. S. Reynolds A Primer of Operant Conditioning , 1968 .

[563]  Ronald L. Seaman,et al.  Auditory unit responses to single-pulse and twin-pulse microwave stimuli , 1987, Hearing Research.

[564]  R. Quock,et al.  Microwave facilitation of methylatropine antagonism of central cholinomimetic drug effects. , 1986, Radiation research.

[565]  B. Halliwell,et al.  Oxygen free radicals and iron in relation to biology and medicine: some problems and concepts. , 1986, Archives of biochemistry and biophysics.

[566]  E. Albert,et al.  DO MICROWAVES ALTER NERVOUS SYSTEM STRUCTURE? * , 1975, Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences.

[567]  J D Bowman,et al.  Occupations with exposure to electromagnetic fields: a possible risk factor for Alzheimer's disease. , 1995, American journal of epidemiology.

[568]  P J Morgane,et al.  Fenfluramine: effects on aggression. , 1973, Biological psychiatry.

[569]  Nagendra Singh,et al.  A world charter for nature , 1977 .

[570]  R. Mcafee,et al.  Neurophysiological effect of 3-cm microwave radiation. , 1961, The American journal of physiology.

[571]  Y. Ashani,et al.  Combined effects of anticholinesterase drugs and low-level microwave radiation. , 1980, Radiation research.

[572]  S Barański,et al.  [Studies on the combined effect of microwaves and some drugs on the bioelectric activity of the central nervous system in rabbits]. , 1968, Acta physiologica Polonica.

[573]  Gregory G. Maskarinec,et al.  Investigation of increased incidence in childhood leukemia near radio towers in Hawaii: preliminary observations. , 1994, Journal of environmental pathology, toxicology and oncology : official organ of the International Society for Environmental Toxicology and Cancer.

[574]  D. Acuña-Castroviejo,et al.  Free Radical‐Mediated Molecular Damage , 2001, Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences.

[575]  P. Demers,et al.  Occupational exposure to electromagnetic fields and breast cancer in men. , 1991, American journal of epidemiology.

[576]  M. Mhatre,et al.  Effect of melatonin on mammary carcinogenesis in intact and pinealectomized rats in varying photoperiods. , 1984, Cancer research.

[577]  J. Monahan Microwave--drug interactions in the cholinergic nervous system of the mouse. , 1988, Progress in clinical and biological research.

[578]  Samuel Milham,et al.  Electric typewriter exposure and increased female breast cancer mortality in typists. , 2007, Medical hypotheses.