This paper deals with the two research lines being handled in European Train Control System (ETCS) Advanced Testing and Smart Train Positioning System (EATS) project (FP7-TRANSPORT-31429). On one hand it aims at providing an advance in the ETCS standard interpretation and testing, in order to reduce the time and effort in the verification and certification process using an on-board European Railway Traffic Management System (ERTMS) Golden Reference Model, fault injection in interfaces, dynamic behaviour emulators of the wireless interfaces and integration of existing onsite testing solutions with ETCS laboratory. On the other hand, it deals with the accurate and reliable determination of train position and integrity by mean the definition of a new Smart Train Positioning System (STPS), including multiconstellation Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS), alternative sources for positioning as Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) and Global System for Mobile Communications - Railway (GSM-R), optimized grid of directional antennas to reduce the effect of multipath fading and determine the signal's angle of arrival for GSM-R and multiple receiver network.