Assessment of Accuracy of an Artificial Intelligence Algorithm to Detect Melanoma in Images of Skin Lesions

Key Points Question How accurate is an artificial intelligence–based melanoma detection algorithm, which analyzes dermoscopic images taken by smartphone and digital single-lens reflex cameras, compared with clinical assessment and histopathological diagnosis? Findings In this diagnostic study, 1550 images of suspicious and benign skin lesions were analyzed by an artificial intelligence algorithm. When compared with histopathological diagnosis, the algorithm achieved an area under the receiver operator characteristic curve of 91.8%. At 100% sensitivity, the algorithm achieved a specificity of 64.8%, while clinicians achieved a specificity of 69.9%. Meaning As the burden of skin cancer increases, artificial intelligence technology could play a role in identifying lesions with a high likelihood of melanoma.