Whither speech recognition: the next 25 years

The fundamentals of speech recognition are reviewed. The dimensions of the speech recognition task, speech feature analysis, pattern classification using hidden Markov models, language processing, and the current accuracy of speech recognition systems are discussed. The applications of speech recognition in telecommunications, voice dictation, speech understanding for data retrieval, and consumer products are examined.<<ETX>>

[1]  Jont B. Allen,et al.  Micromechanical Models of the Cochlea , 1992 .

[2]  J. Mariani,et al.  Recent advances in speech processing , 1989, International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing,.

[3]  Chin-Hui Lee,et al.  Improved acoustic modeling with Bayesian learning , 1992, [Proceedings] ICASSP-92: 1992 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing.

[4]  Nikil Jayant,et al.  Signal Compression: Technology Targets and Research Directions , 1992, IEEE J. Sel. Areas Commun..

[5]  Kristin Precoda,et al.  Flexible vocabulary recognition of speech , 1992, ICSLP.

[6]  S.E. Levinson,et al.  A perspective on speech recognition , 1990, IEEE Communications Magazine.

[7]  Michael Picheny,et al.  Large vocabulary natural language continuous speech recognition , 1989, International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing,.

[8]  A. Samuel,et al.  Whither speech recognition? , 1969, The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America.

[9]  Chin-Hui Lee,et al.  Speaker independent recognition of spontaneously spoken connected digits , 1991, Speech Commun..

[10]  Lawrence R. Rabiner,et al.  A tutorial on hidden Markov models and selected applications in speech recognition , 1989, Proc. IEEE.

[11]  Chin-Hui Lee,et al.  Automatic recognition of keywords in unconstrained speech using hidden Markov models , 1990, IEEE Trans. Acoust. Speech Signal Process..

[12]  M. Lennig.  Putting speech recognition to work in the telephone network , 1990, Computer.