An amorphous silicon-based one-unit photovoltaic electrolyzer

A one-unit photovoltaic electrolyzer, fabricated from double-stacked amorphous silicon cells (pin-pin), is described. A solar energy conversion efficiency to hydrogen of 2.6% has been achieved, which, with recent technological developments, can be raised to 6%. A one-unit array (with storage) capable of supplying solar hydrogen to power tractors on the average farm would give rise to a cost of ca. 6.2¢/kWh, using the expected 1990 value of $1 per peak W for amorphous silicon photovoltaics. The cost of the hydrogen derived from the system is ca. two to three times that of conventional gasoline per gallon equivalent.