The Financial System as a Nexus of Interconnected Networks

In this Chapter, we describe the phenomenology of multilevel financial networks. Network analysis represents a useful tool for the analysis of financial systems, allowing, in particular, for a better understanding of the mechanics of systemic distress. However, the level of complexity reached by the financial system, coupled with the linkages arising to and from other economic sectors, calls for a more integrated approach that takes into account a whole series of networks. In this Chapter, we therefore describe the financial systems as a nexus of interconnected networks. By reviewing selected theoretical and empirical works and describing two methodological extensions for DebtRank, we show different arguments in favor of the adoption of a broader view of the network approach to finance.

[1]  Stefano Battiston,et al.  Leveraging the network: A stress-test framework based on DebtRank , 2015, 1503.00621.

[2]  Larry Eisenberg,et al.  Systemic Risk in Financial Networks , 1999, Manag. Sci..

[3]  Guido Caldarelli,et al.  Default Cascades in Complex Networks: Topology and Systemic Risk , 2013, Scientific Reports.

[4]  Franklin Allen,et al.  Asset Commonality, Debt Maturity and Systemic Risk , 2011 .

[5]  Paolo Emilio Mistrulli Assessing Financial Contagion in the Interbank Market: Maximum Entropy Versus Observed Interbank Lending Patterns , 2011 .

[6]  H. Shin,et al.  Liquidity and Leverage , 2009 .

[7]  Prasanna Gai,et al.  Contagion in financial networks , 2010, Proceedings of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences.

[8]  F. Lillo,et al.  Topology of correlation-based minimal spanning trees in real and model markets. , 2002, Physical review. E, Statistical, nonlinear, and soft matter physics.

[9]  J. Stiglitz Risk and Global Economic Architecture: Why Full Financial Integration May Be Undesirable , 2010 .

[10]  S. Battiston,et al.  Liaisons Dangereuses: Increasing Connectivity, Risk Sharing, and Systemic Risk , 2009 .

[11]  G. Caldarelli,et al.  DebtRank: Too Central to Fail? Financial Networks, the FED and Systemic Risk , 2012, Scientific Reports.

[12]  V. Acharya A Theory of Systemic Risk and Design of Prudential Bank Regulation , 2001 .

[13]  Christian Upper,et al.  Estimating Bilateral Exposures in the German Interbank Market: Is There a Danger of Contagion? , 2002, SSRN Electronic Journal.

[14]  Michela Rancan,et al.  Macro-Networks: An Application to the Euro Area Financial Accounts , 2013, SSRN Electronic Journal.

[15]  Walter E. Beyeler,et al.  The topology of interbank payment flows , 2007 .

[16]  Frank Schweitzer,et al.  How damage diversification can reduce systemic risk. , 2015, Physical review. E.

[17]  S. Kapadia,et al.  Andrew G Haldane: Rethinking the Financial Network , 2022 .

[18]  Prasanna Gai,et al.  Complexity, concentration and contagion , 2011 .

[19]  Stefano Battiston,et al.  Default Cascades: When Does Risk Diversification Increase Stability? , 2011 .

[20]  Helmut Elsinger,et al.  Risk Assessment for Banking Systems , 2003, Manag. Sci..

[21]  Stefano Battiston,et al.  A Network Analysis of the Evolution of the German Interbank Market , 2014, SSRN Electronic Journal.

[22]  Roma,et al.  Fitness model for the Italian interbank money market. , 2006, Physical review. E, Statistical, nonlinear, and soft matter physics.

[23]  S. Thurner,et al.  An Empirical Analysis of the Network Structure of the Austrian Interbank Market , 2004 .

[24]  Benjamin Miranda Tabak,et al.  The role of banks in the Brazilian interbank market: Does bank type matter? , 2008 .

[25]  S. Low,et al.  The "robust yet fragile" nature of the Internet. , 2005, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[26]  G. Caldarelli,et al.  A Network Analysis of the Italian Overnight Money Market , 2005 .

[27]  G. Caldarelli,et al.  Systemic risk in financial networks , 2013 .

[28]  A. Maddaloni,et al.  Shadow Banking in the Euro Area: An Overview , 2011, SSRN Electronic Journal.

[29]  Ben R. Craig,et al.  Interbank Tiering and Money Center Banks , 2010 .

[30]  Stefano Battiston,et al.  The Network of Global Corporate Control , 2011, PloS one.

[31]  David G. Rand,et al.  Individual versus systemic risk and the Regulator's Dilemma , 2011, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.

[32]  G. Caldarelli,et al.  Credit Default Swaps networks and systemic risk , 2014, Scientific Reports.

[33]  H. Stanley,et al.  Cascading Failures in Bi-partite Graphs: Model for Systemic Risk Propagation , 2012, Scientific Reports.

[34]  R. May,et al.  Systemic risk in banking ecosystems , 2011, Nature.

[35]  B. Greenwald,et al.  Financial Market Imperfections and Business Cycles , 1993 .

[36]  Christoffer Kok,et al.  Multi-Layered Interbank Model For Assessing Systemic Risk , 2016, SSRN Electronic Journal.

[37]  G. Caldarelli,et al.  Leveraging the Network: A Stress-Test Framework Based on DebtRank , 2016 .

[38]  S. Battiston,et al.  Market procyclicality and systemic risk , 2012 .

[39]  Edson Bastos e Santos,et al.  Network Structure and Systemic Risk in Banking Systems , 2010 .

[40]  Silvana Stefani,et al.  A multiple network approach to corporate governance , 2014, ArXiv.