Prevalence of Cryptococcus neoformans in avian excreta in India

The prevalence of Cryptococcus neoformans was investigated in 236 samples of excreta of pigeons (Columba livia) and six other avian species. Cr. neoformans was recovered on 15 (10,06%) occasions form old pigeon excreta and on 2 occasions form old excreta of Apus affinis (the House Swift). The recovery of Cr. neoformans from samples of pigeon droppings examined from sheltered or partially sheltered sites was significantly higher than that from the open sites. None of the 30 samples of fresh pigeon droppings and the viscera of any of the 35 pigeons examined yielded Cr. neoformans. Among the other potential fungal pathogens occasionally encountered in avian excreta were 3 isolates each of Monosporium apiospermum (Allescheria boydii) and Aspergillus fumigatus. 14 of Candida albicans, 4 of C. tropicalis, one of C. guilliermondii, and 14 of Geotrichum candidum. C. albicans and G. candidum were also recovered from the intestinal contents of 4 and 3 pigeons respectively.

[1]  S. Hansen,et al.  Letter: Myopathies: the neurogenic hypothesis. , 1974, Lancet.

[2]  H. Gugnani,et al.  Prevalence of Cryptococcus neoformans in Delhi Zoological Park and its recovery from the sputum of an employee. , 1972, The Indian journal of medical research.

[3]  Gugnani Hc,et al.  Occurrence of pathogenic fungi in soil in India. , 1972 .

[4]  H. Gugnani,et al.  Occurrence of pathogenic fungi in soil in India. , 1972, The Indian journal of medical research.

[5]  H. S. Randhawa,et al.  Survival of Cryptococcus neoformans in the gastrointestinal tract of pigeons following ingestion of the organism. , 1968, The Journal of infectious diseases.

[6]  R. L. Taylor,et al.  Occurrence of Cryptococcus neoformans in Thailand. , 1968, American journal of epidemiology.

[7]  H. Gugnani,et al.  Cryptococcus neoformans (Sanfelice) Vuillemin from natural habitats in India. , 1967, The Indian journal of medical research.

[8]  L. Ajello,et al.  Comparative ecology of respiratory mycotic disease agents. , 1967, Bacteriological reviews.

[9]  Padhye Aa,et al.  Isolation of Trichophyton simii and Cryptococcus neoformans from soil in India. , 1967 .

[10]  A. Padhye,et al.  Isolation of Trichophyton simii and Cryptococcus neoformans from soil in India. , 1967, Hindustan antibiotics bulletin.

[11]  H. S. Randhawa,et al.  Occurrence of Cryptococcus neoformans in pigeon excreta in Delhi. , 1966, The Indian journal of chest diseases.

[12]  K. Sethi,et al.  Experimental ocular cryptococcosis in pigeons. , 1966, American journal of ophthalmology.

[13]  H. S. Randhawa,et al.  Isolation of Cryptococcus neoformans from Pigeon Habitats in London , 1965, Nature.

[14]  M. Littman,et al.  Experimental avian cryptococcosis. , 1965, American journal of epidemiology.

[15]  H. I. Winner,et al.  CRYPTOCOCCUS NEOFORMANS IN BIRD DROPPINGS IN LONDON. , 1965, Lancet.

[16]  R. Ritter,et al.  INFECTION OF WHITE SWISS MICE WITH AIRBORNE CRYPTOCOCCUS NEOFORMANS , 1964, Journal of bacteriology.

[17]  E. Durie,et al.  THE ISOLATION OF CRYPTOCOCCUS NEOPORMANS (TORULA HISTOLYTICA) FROM SOIL IN NEW GUINEA AND PIGEON DROPPINGS IN SYDNEY, NEW SOUTH WALES , 1964, The Medical journal of Australia.

[18]  F. Bergman.  OCCURRENCE OF CRYPTOCOCCUS NEOFORMANS IN SWEDEN. , 2009, Acta medica Scandinavica.

[19]  H. Muchmore,et al.  Occurrence of Cryptococcus neoformans in the environment of three geographically associated cases of cryptoccal meningitis. , 1963, The New England journal of medicine.

[20]  E. Tsubura.  Experimental Studies on Cryptococcosis , 1962 .

[21]  C. W. Emmons.  Saprophytic sources of Cryptococcus neoformans associated with the pigeon (Columba livia). , 1955, American journal of hygiene.