A dual-gate 60GHz direct up-conversion mixer with active IF balun in 65nm CMOS

In the effort of building high performance CMOS millimeter-wave front-ends for the unlicensed frequency band between 57 GHz and 66 GHz, the mixer design is an essential step. When research on 60 GHz CMOS circuits started, it focused on demonstrating receiver front-ends. Thus, down-conversion mixers were in the center of interest. Mean-while, fully integrated transceivers are designed, fostering the research on up-conversion mixers, where noise figure is less and linearity more of an issue.

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