Effects of pulse length and strength on electroporation efficiency.

Electroporation is now a standard method of transfection and cell loading. There is a variety of commercial electroporation equipment, and many published and manufacturer-supplied protocols. Many of these protocols are results of trial and error. These empirical protocols are valuable guides for successful applications of electroporation. Because experimental conditions vary case by case, new and modified protocols are constantly needed to optimize the transfection yield. Developing new protocols for new cases by trial and error in each laboratory is wasteful in terms of time and energy. This chapter is intended to present a guide, based on known theories of electroporation, to help users modify existing protocols and develop new protocols for new applications. Succeeding in doing so would take some guess work out of experimental trials in tailoring protocols for individual case needs.

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