Genetic Diversity of Pea ( Pisum arvense L . ) Genotypes According to the Tissue Culture Traits

Sufficient knowledge of genetic variation and germplasm classification is necessary to select suitable parents for breeding purposes. Effective and repeatable tissue culture method is a prerequisite for genetic engineering of pea genotypes (Pisum arvense L.). In this study, genetic diversity of forty-two pea genotypes (Pisum arvense L.) was evaluated based on callus induction capacity, embryogenic callus production and plant regeneration ability. Significant variation was observed among genotypes based on tissue culture parameters. The results of ANOVA indicated significant (P<0.01) differences among genotypes for traits callus induction, embryogenic callus, responded embryogenic callus, number of somatic embryos, responded somatic embryogenesis, regeneration efficiency and number of regenerated plantlet. Cluster analysis based on the tissue culture traits classified the genotypes into four groups. The highest genetic distance was observed between Subatan and Ovaçevirme-3 genotypes. The relationships among parameters related to tissue culture were investigated by principle component analysis (PCA). The PCA1 and PCA2 axes accounted 80.43% of total variation, mainly distinguish the indices in different groups.

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