Thermal and mechanical properties of PVDF/PANI blends

Poly(vinylidene fluoride)/polyaniline blends of different composition were synthesized by chemical polymerization of aniline in a mixture of Poly(vinylidene fluoride) and N,N-dimethylformamide and their thermal and mechanical behavior was investigated as a function of the polyaniline doping level and the composition using thermogravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, dynamic mechanical analysis and tensile tests techniques. The results showed the blend obtained presents a good thermal stability with low weight loss up to 300 oC, assigned to water and solvents evaporation. The glass transition and melting point is not affected by the PANI content in the blend, showing that polymers are no miscible. The films produced present a good sustainability; however the presence of the conducting polymer in the blend increases the tensile strength and the Young modulus, while diminishes the elongation at break, as compared to pure PVDF.

[1]  R. C. Peres,et al.  Synthesis of polyaniline/camphor sulfonic acid in formic acid medium and their blends with polyamide-6 by in situ polymerization , 2009 .

[2]  Dipak Khastgir,et al.  Effect of Dopant Type on the Properties of Polyaniline , 2009 .

[3]  Muhammad Sahimi,et al.  Water harvesting using a conducting polymer: a study by molecular dynamics simulation. , 2009, Physical review. E, Statistical, nonlinear, and soft matter physics.

[4]  S. Ray,et al.  Structure and properties of melt-processed PVDF/PMMA/polyaniline blends , 2009 .

[5]  Mohit H. Adhikari,et al.  Delay-induced destabilization of entrainment of nerve impulses on ephaptically coupled nerve fibers. , 2009, Physical review. E, Statistical, nonlinear, and soft matter physics.

[6]  G. Barra,et al.  Thermoplastic elastomer/polyaniline blends: Evaluation of mechanical and electromechanical properties , 2008 .

[7]  C. Rubinger,et al.  Dielectric properties of PANI/PSS blends obtained by in situ polymerization technique , 2008 .

[8]  Ali Akbar Yousefi,et al.  Effect of tensile strain rate and elongation on crystalline structure and piezoelectric properties of PVDF thin films , 2007 .

[9]  Qiming Zhang,et al.  Enhanced dielectric response in all-organic polyaniline-poly(vinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene-chlorotrifluoroethylene) composite , 2007 .

[10]  M. Kotaki,et al.  Morphology, polymorphism behavior and molecular orientation of electrospun poly(vinylidene fluoride) fibers , 2007 .

[11]  Yunpu Wang,et al.  Synthesis and properties of novel conducting polyaniline copolymers , 2007 .

[12]  J. A. Malmonge,et al.  A new route to obtain PVDF/PANI conducting blends , 2006 .

[13]  Nicholas J. Ramer,et al.  Structure and vibrational frequency determination for α-poly(vinylidene fluoride) using density-functional theory , 2006 .

[14]  R. Drew,et al.  Wettability and spreading kinetics of molten aluminum on copper-coated ceramics , 2006 .

[15]  Muhammad Sahimi,et al.  Water Sorption of Acid-Doped Polyaniline Solid Fibers: Equilibrium and Kinetic Response , 2005 .

[16]  Qiming Zhang,et al.  Fully Functionalized High‐Dielectric‐Constant Nanophase Polymers with High Electromechanical Response , 2005 .

[17]  William A. Goddard,et al.  Density functional theory and Molecular Dynamics Studies on Energetics and Kinetics for Electro-Active Polymers: PVDF and P(VDF-TrFE) , 2004, cond-mat/0408156.

[18]  S. Subrahmanya,et al.  Polyaniline–polycarbonate blends synthesized by two emulsion pathways , 2004 .

[19]  M. Nardelli,et al.  Ab initio studies of polarization and piezoelectricity in vinylidene fluoride and BN-based polymers. , 2004, Physical review letters.

[20]  Chumin Wang,et al.  Light transmission in quasiperiodic multilayers of porous silicon , 2003 .

[21]  S. Subrahmanya,et al.  Synthesis by inverse emulsion pathway and characterization of conductive polyaniline–poly(ethylene-co-vinyl acetate) blends , 2003 .

[22]  Cheng-Ho Chen Thermal and morphological studies of chemically prepared emeraldine‐base‐form polyaniline powder , 2003 .

[23]  W. Euler,et al.  Determination of the crystalline phases of poly(vinylidene fluoride) under different preparation conditions using differential scanning calorimetry and infrared spectroscopy , 2003 .

[24]  D. Sathyanarayana,et al.  Inverted emulsion cast electrically conducting polyaniline–polystyrene blends , 2002 .

[25]  K. Neoh,et al.  Preparation and characterization of semi-conductive poly(vinylidene fluoride)/polyaniline blends and membranes , 2002 .

[26]  S. Subrahmanya,et al.  Inverse emulsion polymerization: a new route for the synthesis of conducting polyaniline , 2002 .

[27]  P. Foot,et al.  The effects of composition and processing variables on the properties of thermoplastic polyaniline blends and composites , 2001 .

[28]  L. F. Malmonge,et al.  Thermal analysis of conductive blends of PVDF and poly(o-methoxyaniline) , 2000 .

[29]  J. Scheinbeim,et al.  Dipolar Intermolecular Interactions, Structural Development, and Electromechanical Properties in Ferroelectric Polymer Blends of Nylon-11 and Poly(vinylidene fluoride) , 2000 .

[30]  B. D. Malhotra,et al.  Thermal analysis of chemically synthesized polyemeraldine base , 2000 .

[31]  M. Paoli,et al.  An elastomeric conductor based on polyaniline prepared by mechanical mixing , 1999 .

[32]  In Jae Chung,et al.  Synthesis and characterization of polyaniline–polycarbonate composites prepared by an emulsion polymerization , 1999 .

[33]  M. Wan,et al.  Stability of polyaniline synthesized by a doping–dedoping–redoping method , 1999 .

[34]  M. Wan,et al.  Porous polyaniline films with high conductivity , 1998 .

[35]  E. Ruckenstein,et al.  Polyaniline-containing electrical conductive composite prepared by two inverted emulsion pathways , 1995 .

[36]  R. Kaner,et al.  Thermal Properties of Polyaniline and Poly(aniline-co-o-ethylaniline) , 1995 .

[37]  S. Palaniappan,et al.  Temperature effect on conducting polyaniline salts: Thermal and spectral studies , 1994 .

[38]  S. Palaniappan,et al.  Conducting polyaniline salts: Thermogravimetric and differential thermal analysis , 1994 .

[39]  E. Ruckenstein,et al.  Processable conductive composites of polyaniline/poly(alkyl methacrylate) prepared via an emulsion method , 1993 .

[40]  A. Heeger,et al.  Morphology of conductive, solution-processed blends of polyaniline and poly(methyl methacrylate) , 1993 .

[41]  E. Ruckenstein,et al.  An emulsion pathway to electrically conductive polyaniline-polystyrene composites , 1993 .

[42]  R. P. Mccall,et al.  Polyaniline: Oriented films and fibers , 1991 .

[43]  M. Folkes,et al.  In-situ production of electrically conductive fibres in polyaniline-SBS blends , 2000 .

[44]  Junshi Guo,et al.  Conductive polyaniline-SBS composites from in situ emulsion polymerization , 1999 .

[45]  R. Jerome,et al.  D.m.a. and d.s.c. investigations of the β transition of poly(vinylidene fluoride) , 1997 .

[46]  L. F. Malmonge,et al.  Electroactive blends of poly(vinylidene fluoride) and polyaniline derivatives , 1995 .

[47]  M. Zulfiqar,et al.  Study of the thermal degradation of polychlorotrifluoroethylene, poly(vinylidene fluoride) and copolymers of chlorotrifluoroethylene and vinylidene fluoride , 1994 .

[48]  Andrew J. Lovinger,et al.  Poly(Vinylidene Fluoride) , 1982 .