Endothelial‐Dependent Mechanisms of Leukocyte Adhesion in Inflammation and Atherosclerosis a

Adhesion of circulating leukocytes to the blood vessel wall is an essential component of acute and chronic inflammatory reactions, and various vascular disease processes, including vasculitis, allograft rejection, ischemia-reperfusion injury, and atherosclerosis. In particular, the focal adherence of blood monocytes at certain sites in the aortic tree, and their subsequent transmigration into the intima, appear to be consistent early events in the formation of foam cell-rich lesions during atherogenesis in humans and experimental animals. ‘ I 6 There is increasing evidence that vascular endothelial cells play an active role in these processes. Our research group has been especially interested in defining endothelial-dependent mechanisms of leukocyte adhesion, and exploring their relevance for human vascular pathophysiology. In this paper, we shall summarize our recent progress in characterizing inducible endothelial cell surface structures involved in leukocyte adhesion-endothelial-leukocyte adhesion molecules (“ELAMs”). We will also provide a brief summary of the pathophysiologic implications of leukocyte-endothelial interactions for the atherosclerotic disease process, and indicate promising future directions for research in this area.

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