A deep sea, photographic nephelometer

Abstract Descriptions of the design and construction of an in situ, deep-sea photographic nephelometer; its operation; and the method used in reducing its data are followed by an evaluation of the instrument performance as evidence by data from regular ocean stations and by laboratory tests. It is concluded that the ratio of scattered light at one depth to that at another at the same station can be measured within ± 10 per cent while ratios involving different stations can be relied upon to approximately ± 25 per cent. The arbitrary measure of light scattering furnished by the nephelometer, the ration of photographic exposure from scattered light to that from direct light with standard attenuation, is related to concentration of particulate matter and to volume scattering function at 45° by comparisons of measurements of these quantities by several observers with nephelometer readings taken in the same locations.

[1]  R. Feely,et al.  Light-Scattering Measurements and Chemical Analysis of Suspended Matter in the Near-Bottom Nepheloid Layer of the Gulf of Mexico , 1974 .

[2]  M. Ewing,et al.  Nepheloid Layer in the North Pacific , 1970 .

[3]  Maurice Ewing,et al.  Light Scattering In The Sea , 1966, Other Conferences.

[4]  M. Ewing,et al.  Penetration of Antarctic bottom water from the Cape Basin into the Angola Basin , 1974 .

[5]  Gunnar Kullenberg,et al.  Scattering of light by Sargasso Sea water , 1968 .

[6]  R. Gibbs.  Suspended Solids in Water , 1974, Marine Science.

[7]  M. Ewing,et al.  Sediment transport and distribution in the Argentine Basin. 3. Nepheloid layer and processes of sedimentation , 1971 .

[8]  M. Ewing,et al.  Turbidity Distribution in the Deep Waters of the Western Atlantic Trough , 1974 .

[9]  J. Milliman,et al.  Physical Properties and Suspended Matter of Surface Waters in the Southeastern Atlantic Ocean , 1973 .

[10]  William S. Plank,et al.  Light scattering and suspended matter in nepheloid layers , 1972 .

[11]  A. P. Lisitzin,et al.  Sedimentation in the World Ocean: With Emphasis On the Nature, Distribution and Behavior of Marine Suspensions , 1972 .

[12]  M. Ewing,et al.  Influences of Norwegian Sea overflow water on sedimentation in the northern North Atlantic and Labrador Sea , 1970 .

[13]  K. Carder,et al.  Light scattering and suspended particles in the eastern equatorial Pacific Ocean , 1970 .

[14]  E. M. Thorndike,et al.  Suspended Matter in the Red Sea Brines and Its Detection by Light Scattering , 1969 .

[15]  E. M. Thorndike,et al.  Nepheloid layers and bottom currents in the Arctic Ocean , 1969 .

[16]  E. M. Thorndike,et al.  A comparison of suspended particulate matter from nepheloid and clear water , 1973 .

[17]  E. M. Thorndike,et al.  Nephelometer Measurements, Hach Turbidimeter Measurements and Bottom Photographs from Conrad Cruise 15. , 1973 .

[18]  E. M. Thorndike,et al.  Suspended Matter in Deep Ocean Water , 1965, Science.

[19]  E. M. Thorndike,et al.  Suspended matter along the continental margin of the North American Basin , 1969 .