Mass detection sensitivity of piezoelectric cantilevers with a nonpiezoelectric extension

A piezoelectric cantilever (PEC) is a transverse transducer consisting of a piezoelectric layer, e.g., lead zirconate titanate (PZT), bonded to a nonpiezoelectric layer, e.g., stainless steel, which has a uniform cross section throughout the length. A PEC with a thin nonpiezoelectric extension, on the other hand, has two distinctive sections each with its own thickness and transverse mass-density and elastic-modulus profiles. A piezoelectric cantilever with a nonpiezoelectric extension has been increasingly used as an in situ biosensor that has the advantage of dipping only the nonpiezoelectric extension part in an aqueous solution without electrically insulating the piezoelectric section. In this study, we examined both experimentally and theoretically the effect of the thin nonpiezoelectric extension, in particular, its length ratio to the piezoelectric part on the vibration wave form and mass detection sensitivity of a PEC. We showed that the nonpiezoelectric extension caused substantial distortion to ...

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