Trends in optical burst switching

Optical burst switching (OBS) has been proposed in the late 1990s as a novel photonic network architecture directed towards efficient transport of IP traffic. OBS aims at cost-efficient and dynamic provisioning of sub-wavelength granularity by optimally combining electronics and optics. Optical bursts cut through intermediate nodes, i.e., data stays in the optical domain at all times, while the control information is signaled out-of-band and processed electronically. In contrast to optical packet switching, OBS aggregates and assembles packets electronically into bursts of variable length according to destination and QoS class at the edge of the network. This paper surveys current trends in OBS and discusses proposed solutions for burst reservation and scheduling, burst assembly, contention resolution and QoS provisioning as well as design and scalability of OBS nodes. Also, it looks at the question of the optimal burst size, which has been around from the very beginning of OBS, based on recent trends and results. On the one hand, burst size and burst characteristics are influenced by client layer traffic and burst assembly scheme. On the other hand burst size and burst characteristics have an impact on network performance and node architectures. Finally, consequences of burst durations in the microsecond and millisecond range are presented and compared.

[1]  Wanjiun Liao,et al.  Service differentiation in optical burst switched networks , 2002, Global Telecommunications Conference, 2002. GLOBECOM '02. IEEE.

[2]  Yijun Xiong,et al.  Control architecture in optical burst-switched WDM networks , 2000, IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications.

[3]  Biswanath Mukherjee,et al.  All-optical packet-switched networks: a study of contention-resolution schemes in an irregular mesh network with variable-sized packets , 2000, Other Conferences.

[4]  Vinod Vokkarane,et al.  Generalized burst assembly and scheduling techniques for QoS support in optical burst-switched networks , 2002, Global Telecommunications Conference, 2002. GLOBECOM '02. IEEE.

[5]  M. Duser,et al.  Analysis of a dynamically wavelength-routed optical burst switched network architecture , 2002 .

[6]  Carla Raffaelli,et al.  Transparent optical packet switching: network architecture and demonstrators in the KEOPS project , 1998, IEEE J. Sel. Areas Commun..

[7]  K. Dolzer.  Assured Horizon – A new Combined Framework for Burst Assembly and Reservation in Optical Burst Switched Networks , 1999 .

[8]  Christoph M. Gauger,et al.  Evaluation of Reservation Mechanisms for Optical Burst Switching , 2001 .

[9]  Ilia Baldine,et al.  JumpStart : A Just-inTime Signaling Architecture for WDM Burst-Switched Networks , 2002 .

[10]  Mikel Izal,et al.  On the influence of self-similarity on optical burst switching traffic , 2002, Global Telecommunications Conference, 2002. GLOBECOM '02. IEEE.

[11]  John Y. Wei,et al.  Just-in-time Optical Burst Switching for Multiwavelength Networks , 1999, Broadband Communications.

[12]  Marco Listanti,et al.  Performance evaluation of a new technique for IP support in a WDM optical network: optical composite burst switching (OCBS) , 2002 .

[13]  J. Saniter,et al.  Limits of effective throughput of optical burst switches based on semiconductor optical amplifiers , 2003, OFC 2003 Optical Fiber Communications Conference, 2003..

[14]  Biswanath Mukherjee,et al.  Electrical ingress buffering and traffic aggregation for optical packet switching and their effect on TCP-level performance in optical mesh networks , 2002, IEEE Commun. Mag..

[15]  Christoph M. Gauger,et al.  Resource reservation in optical burst switching: architectures and realizations for reservation modules , 2003, OptiComm: Optical Networking and Communications Conference.

[16]  Jaafar M. H. Elmirghani,et al.  All-optical wavelength conversion: technologies and applications in DWDM networks , 2000, IEEE Commun. Mag..

[17]  Mounir Hamdi,et al.  Proportional QoS over OBS networks , 2001, GLOBECOM'01. IEEE Global Telecommunications Conference (Cat. No.01CH37270).

[18]  K. Dolzer,et al.  On burst assembly in optical burst switching networks—A performance evaluation of just-enough-time , 2001 .

[19]  An Ge,et al.  On optical burst switching and self-similar traffic , 2000, IEEE Communications Letters.

[20]  Chunming Qiao,et al.  High-speed protocol for bursty traffic in optical networks , 1997, Other Conferences.

[21]  Christoph M. Gauger,et al.  Dimensioning of FDL Buffers for Optical Burst Switching Nodes , 2002, ONDM.

[22]  Jason P. Jue,et al.  Prioritized routing and burst segmentation for QoS in optical burst-switched networks , 2002, Optical Fiber Communication Conference and Exhibit.

[23]  Chunming Qiao,et al.  QoS performance of optical burst switching in IP-over-WDM networks , 2000, IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications.

[24]  Hai Le Vu,et al.  Blocking probability for priority classes in optical burst switching networks , 2002, IEEE Communications Letters.

[25]  Chunming Qiao,et al.  Assembling TCP/IP packets in optical burst switched networks , 2002, Global Telecommunications Conference, 2002. GLOBECOM '02. IEEE.

[26]  Jonathan S. Turner,et al.  Terabit burst switching , 1999, J. High Speed Networks.

[27]  Chunming Qiao,et al.  Efficient channel scheduling algorithms in optical burst switched networks , 2003, IEEE INFOCOM 2003. Twenty-second Annual Joint Conference of the IEEE Computer and Communications Societies (IEEE Cat. No.03CH37428).

[28]  Ming T. Liu,et al.  Differentiated services and scheduling scheme in optical burst-switched WDM networks , 2002, Proceedings 10th IEEE International Conference on Networks (ICON 2002). Towards Network Superiority (Cat. No.02EX588).

[29]  Christoph M. Gauger,et al.  Does burst assembly really reduce the self-similarity? , 2003, OFC 2003 Optical Fiber Communications Conference, 2003..

[30]  Mei Yang,et al.  A QoS supporting scheduling algorithm for optical burst switching DWDM networks , 2001, GLOBECOM'01. IEEE Global Telecommunications Conference (Cat. No.01CH37270).

[31]  Vinod Vokkarane,et al.  Burst segmentation: an approach for reducing packet loss in optical burst switched networks , 2002, 2002 IEEE International Conference on Communications. Conference Proceedings. ICC 2002 (Cat. No.02CH37333).

[32]  Chunming Qiao,et al.  Optical burst switching (OBS) - a new paradigm for an Optical Internet^{1} , 1999, J. High Speed Networks.

[33]  Chunming Qiao,et al.  Performance evaluation of optical burst switching with assembled burst traffic input , 2002, Global Telecommunications Conference, 2002. GLOBECOM '02. IEEE.

[34]  Xi Wang,et al.  Deflection routing protocol for burst-switching WDM mesh networks , 2000, SPIE Optics East.

[35]  Nen-Fu Huang,et al.  Performance analysis of deflection routing in optical burst-switched networks , 2002, Proceedings.Twenty-First Annual Joint Conference of the IEEE Computer and Communications Societies.

[36]  Lakshman Tamil,et al.  Optical routing of asynchronous, variable length packets , 2000, IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications.

[37]  Raj Jain,et al.  Terabit switching: a survey of techniques and current products , 2002, Comput. Commun..

[38]  Christoph M. Gauger,et al.  Performance of converter pools for contention resolution in optical burst switching , 2002, SPIE ITCom.

[39]  George N. Rouskas,et al.  JumpStart: a just-in-time signaling architecture for WDM burst-switched networks , 2002 .

[40]  Chunming Qiao,et al.  QoS Performance in IP over WDM Networks , 2000 .

[41]  Piet Demeester,et al.  Performance improvement of an internally blocking optical packet/burst switch , 2003, IEEE International Conference on Communications, 2003. ICC '03..

[42]  Christoph M. Gauger,et al.  Architectures for Resource Reservation Modules for Optical Burst Switching Core Nodes , 2003 .

[43]  Dirk Breuer,et al.  Investigation of future optical metro ring networks based on 100-Gigabit Metro Ethernet (100 GbME) , 2003 .

[44]  A. Detti,et al.  Application of Tell & Go and Tell & Wait Reservation Strategies in a Optical Burst Switching Network : a Performance Comparison , 2001 .

[45]  Iwao Sasase,et al.  A scheduling algorithm minimizing voids generated by arriving bursts in optical burst switched WDM network , 2002, Global Telecommunications Conference, 2002. GLOBECOM '02. IEEE.

[46]  Hyun Ha Hong Hong,et al.  A Data Burst Assembly Algorithm in Optical Burst Switching Networks , 2002 .

[47]  Hao Buchta,et al.  Maximal and Effective Throughput of Optical Switching Nodes for Optical Burst Switching , 2003 .

[48]  Chunming Qiao,et al.  Performance analysis of optical burst switched node with deflection routing , 2003, IEEE International Conference on Communications, 2003. ICC '03..